摘要
通过问卷调查及访谈获取研究数据,按照调整的VSD脆弱性评估框架构建指标体系,测算农户生计脆弱性,应用障碍度模型识别生计脆弱性形成的主要促成因子,并对研究区农户生计适应方式及适应模式进行探究。结果表明:①农户生计脆弱性与生计暴露度—敏感性指数整体呈现随农户生计非农化水平增加而减小的特征,适应能力呈现出兼业型(农兼户和兼农户)农户高于专营型(纯农户和非农户)农户的特征;②不同农户的生计脆弱性在各维度主要促成因子具有趋同性,种植业收入比重、人均水资源配给量、饮水质量、人均劣质耕地量、人均非农收入、农技培训应用情况、住房情况与大牲畜资本量等分别从不同维度促进了生计脆弱性的形成;③根据生计脆弱性促成因子与适应行为选择,可将研究区生计适应总结为“节水技术+设施农业适应模式”“种植结构调整+节水技术适应模式”以及“种植规模削减+劳动力转移适应模式”等三种适应模式,对农户生计脆弱性具有积极的缓解作用。
The research data was obtained from questionnaires and interviews,and an evaluation index system was constructed according to the adjusted VSD vulnerability assessment framework to measure the livelihood vulnerability of farmers.The barrier model is applied to identify the main contributing factors of livelihood vulnerability’s formation,and the livelihood adaptation choice and modes were explored.The results show that:1)The livelihood vulnerability and livelihood exposure--sensitivity index decrease as the non-agricultural level of farmers'livelihood increase,and the adaptability of part-time farmers(whose livelihoods are agriculture and with little some others、or whose livelihoods are with little agriculture)are higher than the franchise farmers(pure agricultural households and non-agricultural households);2)The main contributing factors of livelihood vulnerability of different farmers show the same trend in different dimensions.The proportion of planting income,per capita water resource allocation,drinking water quality,per capita quantity of inferior cultivated land,per capita non-agricultural income,application of agricultural technology and training,housing situation and the amount of capital of large livestock promote the formation of livelihood vulnerability from different dimensions.3)According to the factors contributing to livelihood vulnerability and the adaptive behavior choice,the livelihood adaptation can be summarized as"water-saving technology+facility agriculture adaptation model","planting structure adjustment+water-saving technology adaptation model"and"planting scale reduction+labor transfer adaptation model",which have a positive mitigation effect on farmers'livelihood vulnerability.
作者
吴孔森
刘倩
张戬
杨新军
WU Kongsen;LIU Qian;ZHANG Jian;YANG Xinjun(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi′an 710127,Shaanxi,China;College of Geography and Tourism,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 400047,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期157-167,共11页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41771574)
关键词
农户
干旱环境
生计脆弱性
适应模式
节水技术
种植结构调整
农村劳动力转移
民勤绿洲
farmer
the arid environment
livelihood vulnerability
adaptation model
the Minqin Oasis
water-saving technology
planting structure adjustment
transfer of rural labor
Minqin Oasis
