摘要
超疏水表面(superhydrophobic surface)是指水滴静态接触角>150°且滚动角<10°的材料表面,广泛应用于自清洁、防腐蚀、疏水抑冰与船舰减阻等诸多工程领域。基于仿生工程学原理,人们对典型超疏水仿生原型进行广泛研究,以期获取超疏水表面研制的理论基础。从呈现超疏水润湿现象的典型动植物体表入手,综述其表面微形貌结构特征对超疏水润湿特性的影响机制,介绍材料表面超疏水润湿行为量化表征的数学模型;重点关注仿生超疏水表面制备技术的最新研究进展,包括传统制备方法与3D打印制备技术,以及超疏水表面制备样件的功效表征;分析指出仿生超疏水表面的低成本、大面积、功效持久性是该领域未来发展的重要方向。研究成果可加深学者对超疏水润湿特性的认知,推动超疏水表面仿生研制新思路、新方法、新技术的发展。
Superhydrophobic surface can cause a water droplet to show a static contact angle>150°and a sliding angle<10°,which is widely used in many engineering fields,such as self-cleaning,anti-corrosion,hydrophobic ice suppression and ship drag reduction.Based on bionic engineering principle,scholars have comprehensively researched many typical superhydrophobic bionic prototypes,with the purpose of obtaining the theoretical basis for the superhydrophobic surface development.In this review,based on the typical prototypes(animals and plants)of showing the phenomena of superhydrophobic wettability,the effect of morphology/structure characteristics on the superhydrophobic wettability properties is reviewed,and mathematical models used to quantify superhydrophobic wettability of material surface are introduced.We especially focus on the recent progress in bionic preparation technology of superhydrophobic surface,mainly including traditional preparation methods and 3D printing technology,and wettability quantification of fabricated superhydrophobic surface.Meanwhile,we point that low cost,large area and durable effect of bionic superhydrophobic surface are the important development direction in near future.This review enriches the further understanding of superhydrophobic wettability,and promotes the development of new ideas,new methods and new technologies in superhydrophobic surface preparation.
作者
王立新
张硕研
纪运广
张琳琳
WANG Lixin;ZHANG Shuoyan;JI Yunguang;ZHANG Linlin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China)
出处
《河北科技大学学报》
CAS
2020年第1期1-13,共13页
Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(51205107)
河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才资助项目(BJ2017011)
河北省自然科学基金(E2019208306)
关键词
材料表面与界面
润湿特性
仿生原型
3D打印技术
超疏水表面
material surface and interface
wettability
bionic prototype
3D printing technology
superhydrophobic surface
