摘要
凋落物的分解过程是森林生态系统养分循环的关键环节,也是林分内植被层可利用养分的重要来源。一般来说,在自然生态系统中,地上植被的种类越丰富,其凋落物的多样性也越高,多样化的凋落物在混合分解过程中存在的相互作用关系也更为复杂,对其自身的分解过程、分解生境以及分解者群体也会产生重要影响。文章以凋落物的多样性为着眼点,综述了凋落物的多样性对其分解过程以及对分解过程中最重要的分解者—土壤微生物特性所产生的影响,重点阐述了凋落物多样性对分解过程中土壤微生物的生物量、群落结构、多样性以及分解活性的影响,并对其可能的原因和潜在的机理进行了分析。综述结果表明,较高的凋落物多样性总体上能够加速凋落物的分解,提高分解过程中土壤微生物的生物量、多样性及分解活性。在此基础上,对今后凋落物多样性在分解过程中的效应研究进行了展望,为人工林可持续经营的混交林营造以及林下植被的科学管理提供理论依据。
The decomposition process of forest litter plays key roles in nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems,and provides main sources of available nutrients for forest vegetations.Generally,in natural forest ecosystems,the richer the species of above-ground vegetations,the higher the diversity of forest litter.During the decomposition of mixed forest litter,the interactions become much complicated with the increase in litter diversity,which consequently bring crucial impacts on the decomposition process,the environment,and also the community of the decomposers.Taking the diversity of forest litter as the focus,this paper reviewed the effects of litter diversity on its decomposition process and the properties of soil decomposer community.The effects of litter diversity on soil microbial biomass,community structure,diversity,and decomposition activity during decomposition were highlighted,and the possible causations and the potential mechanisms were also analyzed.The results of the review indicated that high litter diversity could accelerate the decomposition of forest litter and enhanced the biomass,diversity and decomposition activity of soil microorganisms during the decomposition process.Finally,the future researches are prospected for better understanding the roles of litter diversity on decomposition and nutrient release,which will provide scientific foundation for the establishment of mixed plantations and the management of understory vegetation in plantations.
作者
佘婷
田野
SHE Ting;TIAN Ye(College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2020年第1期213-223,共11页
Ecological Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD09B02)
国家自然科学基金项目(31370618)
国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0600402)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)
关键词
凋落物分解
凋落物多样性
养分释放
土壤微生物多样性
分解活性
litter decomposition
litter diversity
nutrient release
soil microbial diversity
decomposition activity
