摘要
采用不同有机基质对韭菜产量和品质的影响规律进行研究。试验设置体积比分别为草炭∶蛭石∶有机肥∶菇渣∶珍珠岩为2∶1∶1∶1∶1(T1);草炭∶蛭石∶有机肥∶菇渣为2∶1∶1∶1(T2);草炭∶蛭石∶有机肥为2∶1∶1(T3);草炭∶蛭石为2∶1(T4);普通黑土(ck) 5种基质处理,运用主成分分析法对其进行综合评价,选出最优基质。试验结果表明:韭菜的株高、茎粗、叶宽表现为T4处理优于其他处理,说明草炭∶蛭石(2∶1)基质作用下,可以促进韭菜的生长。基质栽培比ck韭菜地上部干鲜重比影响显著,说明基质可以显著提高韭菜的地上部干鲜重比。韭菜在T1处理作用下可显著提高叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、维生素C、纤维素、大蒜素含量。叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、粗纤维素不同茬次各处理呈先降低后升高的趋势。大蒜素含量在不同茬表现为“升降升”的趋势。维生素C和可溶性糖含量在不同茬次持续下降。运用主成分分析方法进行综合评价,各处理在所有茬次综合打分之和分别为T1>T3>T2>T4>ck,总体评价发现T1处理综合表现最佳。
The effects of different organic substrates on the yield and quality of Chinese chive were studied.Five substrates were designed in the experiment,with different volume ratios of peat:vermiculite:organic fertilizer:mushroom residue:perlite(2:1:1:1:1,T1),peat:vermiculite:organic fertilizer:mushroom residue(2:1:1:1,T2),peat:vermiculite:organic fertilizer(2:1:1,T3),peat:vermiculite(2:1,T4),and common black soil as ck.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to evaluate it and the optimal substrate was selected.The effects of different substrates on the growth and nutritional quality of different generations of Chinese chive were studied.The results showed that plant height,stem diameter and leaf width of Chinese chive were different.Treatment T4 was superior to other treatments.Therefore,peat:vermiculite(2:1)can promote the growth of Chinese chive.The ratio of dry to fresh weight of aboveground part of ck Chinese chive was significantly higher than that of substrate cultivation,so the ratio of dry to fresh weight of aboveground part of Chinese chive could be significantly increased by substrate cultivation.The contents of chlorophyll,soluble protein,Vc,cellulose and allicin were significantly increased under treatment T1.The contents of chlorophyll,soluble protein and cellulose showed a first decreasing and then rising trend in different generations of Chinese chive under different treatments.The contents of allicin in different generations of Chinese chive showed a "first ascending,and then descending and ascending"trend,while the contents of Vc and soluble sugar continued to decrease in different crops.In conclusion,by using principal component analysis(PCA),the sum of comprehensive scores for all generations of Chinese chive under each treatment was T1>T3>T2>T4>ck,respectively.The comprehensive performance of treatment T1 was the best.
作者
翟莹
周福君
尹桂敏
王云普
郭墅
ZHAI Ying;ZHOU Fujun;YIN Guimin;WANG Yunpu;GUO Shu(Changchun Institute of Science and Technology,Changchun 130600,China;College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Changchun University,Changchun 130022,China)
出处
《吉林农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期660-669,共10页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51405078)
长春科技学院科研启动基金资助项目(2019)。
关键词
韭菜
基质
无土栽培
产量
品质
Chinese chive
substrate
soilless culture
yield
quality
