摘要
国家科技体制改革以后,国家科技计划项目具有显著的战略性、导向性和方向性,项目设置高度反应了国家意志和发展需求,形成机制和管理模式发生了重大变革,对申报组织管理提出了新的要求。高校作为提升国家自主创新能力的重要基地,应充分发挥自身优势,解决自身不足,积极争取承担国家科技计划项目,对提升高校原始创新力、加速创新性人才培养具有重要意义。以国家重点研发计划项目为例,科技计划改革以来,针对国家重点研发计划专项及实施的研究主要针对于某一特定领域或特定单位的思考,对高校在面临重点研发计划专项申报过程中的共性问题的总结和分析不足。本文通过梳理国家重点研发计划专项的形成机制和组织管理特性,分析高校在参与国家重点研发计划项目中的优势与不足,对高校有效参与国家重点研发计划项目提出意见和建议。结合国家重点研发计划战略性、独占性和联动性等特性,以及从基础前沿、重大共性关键技术到应用示范进行全链条创新设计,一体化组织实施要求,高校应充分发挥基础研究基础扎实、学科门类齐全和科研人才丰富等优势,着力解决示范能力不足、成果转化率低、管理理念相对落后等问题,主动加强与科研院所和企业之间的合作,寻求突破,建立健全"大兵团"联合攻关的协同创新机制,构建高效共享、协同创新的管理模式,同时加强战略研究,结合自身特色、区域特点,充分发挥自己的优势,完善相关制度建设,使管理部门的权利义务和管理程序等拥有完善制度依据,创新管理方式,做好服务保障,从而着力提升高校的原始创新能力和解决国家重大需求的能力,加速创新性人才培养,推动经济社会发展。
After the reformation of the national science and technology system,the national science and technology plan have significant strategic,guidance quality and directivity.The establishment of the national science and technology plan project highly reflects the will of the State and the needs of national development.Major changes have taken place in the formation mechanism and management mode of projects of the national science and technology plan projects,which put forward new requirements for the application,organization and management of the national science and technology plan projects.As an important base of enhancing national independent innovation ability,the universities should make full use of their advantages and solve their shortcomings,striving actively to undertake national science and technology projects,which is of great significance to enhance the original innovation ability of universities and accelerate the cultivation of innovative talents.Taking the National Key Research and Development projects as an example,the research on the special projects and implementation of the National Key Research and Development plans mainly focuses on a specific field or a specific organization.However,it is fall short of summarizing and analyzing the common problems of universities in the process of special declaration of the National Key Research and Development projects plans.In this paper,some suggestions and advice are made on the effective participation of universities in the National Key Research and Development projects of universities based on combing the formation mechanism and organizational management characteristics of the National Key Research and Development projects and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of universities in participating in the National Key Research and Development projects.According to the characteristics of the National Key Research and Development projects,including their strategic feature,exclusiveness,and coupling effects,as well as the whole chain innovative design from the front,major general key technology and application examples,and integrated requirements for organization and implementation,the universities should make full use of their advantages of solid foundation,complete disciplines and abundant scientific research personnel to solve the issues of insufficient demonstration ability,low transfer rate of achievements and relatively backward management idea.Based on the advantages and advantages,they should actively strengthen cooperation with scientific research institutes and enterprises,seek breakthroughs,establish and improve the cooperative innovation mechanism of joint tackling key problems of"big corps",construct the management mode of efficient sharing and cooperative innovation,strengthen strategic research,combine their own characteristics and regional characteristics,give full play to their advantages,perfect the relevant system construction,and make the rights,obligations and management procedures of management departments.We should improve the system basis,innovate management methods,and do a good job of service guarantee,so as to focus on improving the original innovation ability of universities and the ability to solve major national needs,accelerate the training of innovative talents,and promote economic and social development.
作者
刘君亮
王延超
Liu Junliang;Wang Yanchao(Office of Research,Brijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《科研管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期277-282,共6页
Science Research Management
基金
北京交通大学“中央高校基本科研业务费”(2018JBM307)。
关键词
国家重点研发计划
申报组织
高校
national key research and development plan
declaration organization
university
