摘要
[目的]研究陕北地区治沟造工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响,为同类地区耕地整治方向及优化布局提供科学参考。[方法]以延安市顾屯流域为例,基于ENVI和ArcGIS,通过目视解译、核密度估计及NDVI对此展开相关研究。[结果]①治沟造地工程后,耕地更集中分布于沟谷,耕地整体破碎度降低,耕地质量提高;②缓坡耕地比例增加,耕地结构得到优化,但陡坡耕地仍然占有一定的数量,需继续优化;③基于核密度分析,耕地质量高的中-低密度区面积增加,耕地质量低的中高-高密度区面积减少,较高质量耕地比例提升;④流域内NDVI整体呈现“山下低,山上高”的规律,治沟造地后流域内植被情况得到良好改善;⑤退耕还林区域、边坡治沟造地工程段植被均得到了良好的改善。[结论]治沟造地工程使耕地质量和植被生态状况均得到一定程度的改善,但仍然存在诸如水土流失、盐渍化、边坡失稳等问题,应立足于生态文明建设,权衡各方面利弊,为黄土高原的高质量发展服务。
[Objective][JP2]The impacts of the gully reclamation project in Northern Shaanxi Province on the distribution of cropland and[JP2]vegetation restoration were studied in order to provide[JP]scientific reference for the direction and optimization of cultivated land remediation in similar area.[Methods]Taking the Yan’an Gutun watershed of[JP2]Yan’an City as a case study,based on ArcGIS and ENVI,[JP]visual interpretation and kernel density estimation was used,and NDVI were calculated.[Results]①After the gully reclamation project,the cropland was more concentrated in valleys,the fragmentation of cropland was decreased,and the quality of cropland was improved.②The proportion of low-slope cropland was increased.The structure of cropland had been optimized,but the high-slope cropland still occupied a certain amount and needed to be further optimized.③Based on the analysis of kernel density,the area of the middle and low density zone with high cropland quality increased,and the area of the middle and high density zone with low cropland quality decreased.[JP2]The proportion of high-quality cropland increased.[JP]④Overall,NDVI in the Gutun watershed showed the law of[JP2]“low at the foot of the hill while high on the hill”.The vegetation[JP]situation in the watershed was improved after the gully reclamation project.⑤The vegetation in the area of returning farmland to forests and the slope control section had been improved well.[Conclusion]To a certain extent,the gully reclamation project has improved the quality of cultivated land and vegetation situation,but there are still some problems such as soil erosion,salinization and slope instability,etc.Gully reclamation project should be based on the construction of ecological civilization,[JP2]weigh the advantages and disadvantages of[JP]various aspects and serve the high-quality development of the Loess Plateau.
作者
杜鹏川
许强
赵宽耀
郭鹏
彭双麒
郭晨
Du Pengchuan;Xu Qiang;Zhao Kuanyao;Guo Peng;Peng Shuangqi;Guo Chen(State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期1-8,共8页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目“面向人地协调的黄土重大工程灾变防控研究”(41790445)
国家自然科学基金重点项目“溃散性滑坡成因机理、监测预警与定量风险评价”(41630640)。
关键词
顾屯流域
治沟造地
耕地分布
植被恢复
核密度估计
Gutun watershed
cropland distribution
vegetation restoration
kernel density estimation
