摘要
以自我控制的力量模型和注意恢复理论为基础,通过4项实验,探讨个体在完成认知性和运动性任务时,自然环境对抑制性和坚持性自我控制的恢复作用。实验1和实验2分别采用Stroop任务和“神经激活逆反应”任务,探究自然环境对认知和运动任务中抑制性自我控制的影响;实验3和实验4分别使用不可解迷宫任务和wall-sit任务,探索自然环境对认知和运动任务中坚持性自我控制的影响。结果发现,相较于控制组,自然环境可以有效改善认知和运动任务中的抑制性与坚持性自我控制,具有中到大的效果量。这一发现表明,安全温和的自然环境具有强健的复愈能力,可以为恢复自我控制和改善操作表现提供便捷省力的干预方式。
Based on the strength model of self-control and attention restoration theory,the present study was conducted to explore the effects of natural environments on inhibitory self-control and persistent self-control in cognitive tasks and motor tasks by a series of four experiments.The study first focused on how natural environments effect the participants’inhibitory self-control abilities,and the Stroop task(Experiment 1)and the“Neuro-activation reverse reaction task”(Experiment 2)were used to stimulate inhibitory self-control in cognitive tasks and motor tasks respectively.Then,the unsolvable maze task(Experiment 3)and the“wall-sit task”(Experiment 4)were introduced to examine the abilities of persistent self-control in cognitive tasks and motor tasks respectively.The results suggest that viewing natural environments pictures could effectively restore the inhibitory self-control and persistent self-control in cognitive and motor tasks,with medium to large effect sizes.This finding strengthens the conclusion that safe and soft natural environments have robust healing effects on self-control and sports performance.
作者
李丹阳
张力为
LI Danyang;ZHANG Liwei(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期31-44,共14页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项课题（2018YFF0300900）
关键词
注意恢复理论
自我控制的力量模型
自然环境
抑制性自我控制
坚持性自我控制
attention restoration theory
the strength model of self-control
natural environments
inhibitory self-control
persistent self-control
