摘要
中国《健康建筑评价标准》(T/ASC 02-2016)将健康建筑定义为"在满足建筑功能的基础上,为建筑使用者提供更加健康的环境、设施和服务,促进建筑使用者身心健康、实现健康性能提升的建筑".发展健康建筑是建筑领域落实"健康中国"战略部署的重要途径,促进健康建筑发展意义重大.本文首先回顾了健康建筑的发展历程,介绍了我国健康建筑的发展背景.其次,梳理了我国健康建筑在2017~2019年间在标准、科研、组织机构、项目、交流等方面的重点工作和主要成果.最后,对我国健康建筑未来在影响因素、跨学科融合、设计方法、健康改造升级及标准等方面的发展趋势进行了展望.
The development of healthy buildings is an important way to implement the strategy of "Healthy China" in the building industry. It is of great significance to promote the development of healthy buildings. In 2016, China’s first healthy building technical standard Assessment Standard for Healthy Building was released and implemented in January 2017. Since then,the healthy building has achieved rapid development in China, which is embodied in the following aspects.(1) Set technical standards to lead the development of healthy buildings. To realize the fine construction guidelines, in addition to Assessment Standard for Healthy Building, technical standards for healthy buildings have been compiled for major building types, such as healthy hotels and healthy hospitals. In addition, on the basis of single building, assessment standards such as healthy community and healthy town have considered the healthy influencing factors in different scopes and put forward the corresponding technical requirements.(2) Conduct the scientific research to provide theoretical and technical supports for the development of healthy buildings. The researchers carried out special scientific research from the aspects of building ventilation, indoor air quality, emission of pollutants from building materials, healthy lighting and light environment improvement, sports health and so on.(3) Various organizations provide services for the healthy building industry. First, the healthy living professional group of China association for engineering construction standardization(CECS) was established to promote the standardization of healthy buildings. Second, China Healthy Building Alliance plays the role of link, carrier and platform to establish a diversified channel for sharing healthy building resources. Third,the relevant research institutions were established to conduct special research on the theory and technology of healthy buildings.(4) Carry out project evaluation to drive the implementation of healthy building projects. Chinese Society for Urban Studies(CSUS) has carried out the evaluation and certification of healthy building. By September 2019, a total of 50 projects had obtained the certification of healthy building identification, covering 14 provinces and cities with a total building area of nearly 5 million m2.(5) Promote healthy building technology progress through academic exchange and technical cooperation. Taking 2019(the first) Healthy Building Conference as an example, academicians, experts,executives and other representatives from different fields exchanged views on healthy environment research, standard certification, scheme supply, case demonstration and industrial value, which gave new momentum to the development of healthy buildings.However, the healthy buildings are still in the initial stage in China. In the future, more comprehensive exploration and innovation should be carried out in the following aspects.(1) The identification of factors affecting physical health, mental health and social health related to healthy buildings and the mechanisms of healthy impact need further exploration.(2) It is necessary to promote the interdisciplinary development of healthy buildings, realize the interdisciplinarity and integration,and solve the scientific problem as a whole.(3) In the design stage, comprehensive pre-evaluation is carried out on the factors affecting human health, and the health is integrated into the design of buildings and communities, and healthy design technology is studied and developed.(4) The research on technical standard system of healthy building should be carried out to establish a standard system covering different types of buildings in different stages of the whole life cycle.(5)It is urgent to strengthen the research and development of the related theories, standards, technologies and supporting products of the existing buildings and communities.
作者
王清勤
邓月超
李国柱
孟冲
谢琳娜
刘茂林
曾璐瑶
Qingqin Wang;Yuechao Deng;Guozhu Li;Chong Meng;Linna Xie;Maolin Liu;&Luyao Zeng(China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Green Building Design,Beijing 100013,China;China Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Healthy Building,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期246-255,共10页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
中国建筑科学研究院有限公司青年科研基金(20180106331030037)
北京市科技创新基地培育与发展工程专项基金(20180106230880010)资助
关键词
健康建筑
评价标准
发展背景
发展方向
healthy buildings
assessment standard
development background
future prospect
