摘要
激光增材制造金银材料可用于艺术品、首饰、手表等的定制化制造.铜是传统工业的重要材料,具有良好的导电性和导热性;铜的激光增材制造材料被广泛用于电子设备、热管理系统、交通运输、工业制造等领域.金、银、铜的激光增材制造具有广阔的应用前景,但也面临着重要问题:金、银、铜材料对激光的吸收率很低.理论分析表明,光吸收率受材料的电导率和激光波长的直接影响.用合金化粉末或表面改性的粉末替代原始粉末打印,或用短波长蓝光或绿光激光打印,可以提高粉体对激光的吸收率,得到更好的打印态样品.本文总结了铜、金等高反射率材料的激光增材制造的激光成型现状和原料端现状,亦对铜、金等高反射率材料的激光增材制造的未来发展趋势做出了展望.
Laser additive manufacturing of silver and gold can be used for customised fabrication of artworks,jewellery,watches,etc.Having excellent electrical and thermal conductivity,copper is important material in traditional industry.Additive manufactured copper is widely used in electronic devices,thermal management,transportation,industrial manufacturing,etc.Additive manufacturing of gold,silver and copper has wide application prospects,but also faces significant problem:laser absorptivity of gold,silver and copper is too low.The theoretical analysis shows that the conductivity of material and the wavelength of laser affect laser absorptivity directly.Replacing original powder with alloying powder or surface modified powder,as well as using blue or green laser with shorter wavelength,will enhance the laser absorptivity of powder,thus enable better as-print samples.This paper summaries the current situations of printing and feed stock issue in using laser additive manufacturing to fabricate highly reflectivity material such as copper and gold.Laser additive manufacturing of copper and copper alloys attracts the attention of more researchers in recent several years,and good research results are constantly emerging,which provides new ideas for additive manufacturing of gold and silver.However,there are few suppliers of gold and silver powder for additive manufacturing nowadays.Moreover,the powder producing technique is not mature.Considering laser absorption improvement and the feed stock issue,the future prospect of laser additive manufacturing of highly reflective materials is put forward,including widely applying new 3 D printers with high power and short wavelength,replacing powder with wire as raw material to reduce the loss of precious metal during gas atomization,and developing new additive manufacturing powder with high absorptivity.
作者
顾瑞楠
WONG Kam Sing
严明
GU RuiNan;WONG Kam Sing;YAN Ming(Department of Materials Science and Engineering,and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-performance Materials,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;Department of Physics,Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong 999077,China)
出处
《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期40-53,共14页
Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica
基金
深圳市重点实验室(编号:ZDSYS201703031748354)资助项目
关键词
激光增材制造
高反射率
金
银
铜
laser additive manufacturing
high reflectivity
gold(Au)
silver(Ag)
copper(Cu)
