摘要
目的探讨应用调整食物形态行摄食训练改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能的效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2018年1月—2019年6月首都医科大学宣武医院康复医学科的80例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者为研究对象,按随机数字表将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组按照常规吞咽训练方法进行,观察组在常规吞咽训练的基础上通过调整食物形态行摄食训练。分别在干预前后采用改良吞咽功能评估(MMASA)进行吞咽功能评价,同时比较两组并发症的发生率及营养状况。结果干预后,观察组患者MMASA得分(144.10±16.56)分,高于对照组的(136.48±13.56)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组误吸发生率、肺部感染发生率低于对照组,血清白蛋白水平高于对照组,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组BMI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论调整食物形态行摄食训练联合吞咽训练可促进脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能恢复,减少并发症的发生率,对患者的预后有积极作用。
Objective To explore the effects of ingestion training based on food form modification on improving swallowing function among swallowing disorder patients after stroke.Methods From January 2018 and June 2019,this study selected 80 swallowing disorder patients after stroke of Department of Rehabilitation at Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University as subjects by convenience sampling.All of patients were divided into control group and observation group with the random number table,40 cases in each group.Control group carried out routine ingestion training.On the basis of that,observation group implemented ingestion training based on food form modification.The swallowing function was evaluated with the Modified Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability(MMASA)before and after treatment.At the same,the rates of complication incidences and nutritional status were observed between two groups.Results After intervention,the score of MMASA of observation group were(144.10±16.56)higher than that(136.48±13.56)of control group with a statistical difference(P<0.05);the incidences of aspiration and pulmonary infection of observation group were lower and serum albumin was higher than those of control group with statistical differences(P<0.05).However,there was no statistical difference in the body mass index(BMI)between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Ingestion training based on food form modification and swallowing training can promote the recovery of swallowing function among swallowing disorder patients after stroke and reduce the incidences of complication which has a positive role in the prognosis of patients.
作者
秦延京
王亮
李巍
张途
Qin Yanjing;Wang Liang;Li Wei;Zhang Tu(Department of Rehabilitation,Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2020年第4期509-513,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
卒中
吞咽障碍
调整食物形态
摄食训练
Stroke
Deglutition disorders
Food form modification
Feeding training
