摘要
以创新教育为核心的中国教育现代化是当前我国深化教育改革与发展的主要任务。创新教育与传统教育以知识为导向不同,更加强调学生能力的发展,也被称为"能力导向教育"。能力导向教育的落地首先需要明确能力导向教学范式的意涵、特征和应用模式。PISA测试作为一种国际公认的典型的能力测试范式,为能力导向教学范式提供了理论观照和实践指引。从PISA测试对学生能力培养要求来看,能力导向教学范式是一种以学生所掌握的学科知识为基础,将其与知识应用领域的真实情境相联系,旨在促进和发展学生的问题解决、批判性思维、社会沟通等核心素养和21世纪技能的教学范式。它具有基于真实的问题情境开展教学、学习过程由概念化转向模型化、聚焦高阶思维发展等主要特征。深入到教学实践领域,能力导向教学范式的典型模式是基于项目的学习,强调知识在真实问题情境中的运用和做中学的实践哲学。能力导向教学范式不仅能够在教学实践中真正改变知识导向占据主导地位、为应试而获取知识的教育现状,更有助于开拓以发展学生核心素养和21世纪技能为主导的创新人才培养新格局。
The modernization of education with innovative education as the core is the main task of deepening educational reform and development in China. Different from traditional education, innovative education emphasizes the development of student capabilities, which is also known as"competence-oriented education". In order to implement competence-oriented education, it is necessary to clarify the connotations, characteristics and application modes of competence-oriented teaching paradigm. PISA test, as an internationally recognized typical competency test, provides theoretical and practical guidance for the competence-based teaching paradigm. Judging from the requirements of PISA test on the cultivation of student capabilities, competence-oriented teaching paradigm is based on the subject knowledge mastered by students, and links knowledge to the real situations, aiming at promoting and developing students’ core qualities such as problem solving, critical thinking, social communication and 21 st century skills. It is characterized by teaching based on real problem situations, learning process changing from conceptualization to modeling, and focusing on the development of higher-order thinking. In teaching practice, the typical model of competence-oriented teaching paradigm is project-based learning, which emphasizes the practical philosophy such as the application of knowledge in real problem situations and learning by doing. Therefore, the competence-oriented teaching paradigm can not only truly change the status quo of education,which is dominated by knowledge-oriented education and examination-oriented knowledge acquisition, but also help to develop a new pattern of innovative talent cultivation dominated by the development of students’ core qualities and 21 st century skills.
作者
赵建华
蒋银健
陈庆涛
ZHAO Jianhua;JIANG Yinjian;CHEN Qingtao
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期64-72,共9页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
深圳市哲学社会科学规划共建课题“智慧教育的支撑体系与应用模式研究”(SZ2019D034)
2019年广东省研究生教育创新计划项目“英语教育硕士教学案例库建设及应用研究”(2019JGXM76)。
关键词
创新教育
能力导向教学
项目学习
教学范式
PISA测试
Innovative Education
Competence-Oriented Teaching
Project-Based Learning
Teaching Paradigm
PISA Test
