摘要
基于福建安溪官桥生态茶园2017年度自然降雨数据及园区5种铁观音茶树水土流失治理模式的坡面产流、产沙情况的观测数据,系统研究了不同治理模式下铁观音茶树坡面水土流失对引起侵蚀的降雨的响应机制。结果表明:(1)降雨集中于4~8月份,引起侵蚀频次最多的是5~6月份;(2)根据降雨量与最大30 min降雨强度I 30,可以将侵蚀性降雨分为Ⅰ~Ⅴ种类型,其中,Ⅰ雨型的降雨是当地发生频率最多的侵蚀性降雨,雨量最大的Ⅴ雨型平均产流量最大,雨强最大的Ⅳ雨型平均产沙量最大,发生频率较高的Ⅲ雨型产流总量最大,Ⅱ雨型产沙总量最大。(3)5种铁观音茶树水土流失治理模式在不同降雨类型下的水土保持效应不同,其中采取“梯田+自然留草”的治理模式在各雨型条件下的减流率和减沙率均优于其他模式。研究结果对山区茶园水土保持及提升茶产量有重要的参考价值。
Based on the observations of the measured 2017 rainfall data from typical loess tableland zones and slope runoff and sediment yield with five Tieguanyin tea plantation soil and water loss control models in Anxi County,Fujian Province,the impacts of different types of erosive rainfall in the soil and water conservation on the loess sloping land under different governance measures were systematically analyzes.The results showed that:(1)most of the rainfall in the research area occurred in the period April to August,in which the erosive rainfall induced from soil erosion was concentrated in May and June.(2)Erosive rainfall can be achieved based on the maximum 30-minute rainfall intensity and total rainfall.It was divided into five types,among which the Ⅰ pattern was the most frequent type,and theⅤpattern with the largest rainfall had the largest average runoff,and theⅣpattern with the largest rainfall intensity had the largest average sediment yield,and the Ⅲ pattern with high frequency had the largest total runoff yield,and the Ⅱ pattern had the largest total sediment yield.(3)The soil and water conservation effects of the five tea tree treatment models were different under different rainfall types.The control modes of horizontal terrace+natural grass were better than other models under different rain conditions.
作者
程分生
尤龙辉
叶功富
林文泉
封晓然
游惠明
CHENG Fensheng;YOU Longhui;YE Gongfu;LIN Wenquan;FENG Xiaoran;YOU Huiming(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350012,China)
出处
《森林与环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期149-155,共7页
Journal of Forest and Environment
基金
福建省公益类项目(2017R1011-2)
福建省林业科研项目(闽林科便函〔2019〕16号)。
关键词
山区茶园
水土流失
降雨类型
减流率
减沙率
hilly tea plantation
soil and water loss
rainfall type
runoff reduction rate
sediment reduction rate
