摘要
石煤钒矿是我国独特的、最具优势的钒资源,其酸浸液的进一步提钒主要采用溶剂萃取法。钒在酸浸液中的存在形式会影响萃取效果,其主要与氧化还原电位、pH值有关,当钒的存在形式以VO2+、H2V10O284-和HV10O285-为主时,易被萃取。溶剂萃取法的关键在于萃取剂的选择:酸性磷类萃取剂主要萃取酸浸液中的V(Ⅳ),常见的是P204;中性含磷萃取剂(主要是TBP)在钒的萃取中多作为协萃剂,很少有单一萃取提钒的研究;碱性胺类萃取剂主要萃取酸浸液中的V(Ⅴ),常见的为伯胺和叔胺;螯合羟肟类萃取剂多用于高浓度的强酸介质,应用并不广泛。对于石煤钒矿酸浸液萃取提钒应注意寻找或研发选择性更高、适应性更强的萃取剂,并选择更加有效的预处理方法和协萃剂。
Stone coal vanadium ore is the unique and most advantageous vanadium resource in China. The further extraction from the acid leaching solution of stone coal vanadium ore is mainly solvent extraction. The forms of vanadium in acid leaching solution will affect the extraction efficiency, which is mainly related to the oxidation-reduction potential and p H. The form of vanadium is mainly VO2+、H2V10O284- and HV10O285-, which are easy to be extracted. The key of solvent extraction is the choice of extractants. Acidic phosphorus extractants mainly extracts V(VI) from the acid leaching solution, especially P204. Neutral phosphorus extractants(mainly TBP) is used as synergistic reagents in the extraction of vanadium, but a few studies on extraction of vanadium by single used. When acid leaching solution exists mainly in the form of V(V), alkaline amine extractants will be used, especially tertiary and primary amines. Chelated hydroxamic extractants are commonly used for high concentration of acid media, and the application is not extensive. The extraction of vanadium from acid leaching solution of stone coal vanadium ore should find or exploit more selective and adaptable extractants, and choose more effective pretreatment methods and synergistic reagents.
作者
胡艺博
叶国华
左琪
谢禹
童雄
Hu Yibo;Ye Guohua;Zuo Qi;Xie Yu;Tong Xiong(Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming,China)
出处
《矿产综合利用》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第1期10-15,共6页
Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(51304090,51604130)
云南省应用基础研究计划重点项目(2014FA027)。
关键词
石煤钒矿
酸浸液
溶剂萃取
存在形式
萃取剂
Heavy metal
Waste residue
Fire smelting
Comprehensive utilization
