摘要
为明确苯醚甲环唑对果生炭疽菌Colletotrichum fructicola不同发育阶段的毒力,并建立中国南方主要梨产区(湖北、安徽、江西、江苏、浙江和福建)果生炭疽菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感基线,采用孢子萌发法测定了苯醚甲环唑对6个代表性菌株孢子萌发和芽管伸长的影响,采用离体叶片接种法评价了苯醚甲环唑对该病菌的防治效果,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了120株果生炭疽菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性。结果表明:苯醚甲环唑对果生炭疽菌菌丝生长和芽管伸长的抑制效果较强,而对分生孢子萌发的抑制效果较弱,其平均EC50值分别为(0.33±0.03)、(2.61±0.26)和(29.87±1.31)μg/mL。160μg/mL的苯醚甲环唑对梨果生炭疽病的保护作用和治疗作用防效分别为92%和79%,而1000μg/mL的多菌灵则分别为51%和23%。来源于中国南方主要梨产区的120株果生炭疽菌对苯醚甲环唑均表现为敏感,EC50值范围0.27~1.12μg/mL,敏感性频率分布呈连续单峰曲线,符合正偏态分布,其平均EC50值(0.59±0.02)μg/mL可以作为我国南方主要梨产区果生炭疽菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感基线。本研究结果为监测梨果生炭疽菌对苯醚甲环唑的田间抗药性发展奠定了基础,并为梨产区应用该药剂防治炭疽病提供了依据。
In this work,the toxicity of difenoconazole to Colletotrichum fructicola at different development stages and its indoor control efficacy were determined.The sensitive baseline of C.fructicola to difenoconazole at major pear cultivation areas in South China(Hubei,Anhui,Jiangxi,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Fujian Province)was established.The conidia germination and germ tube elongation of six representative strains treated by difenoconazole were determined by spore germination rate method.And its indoor efficacy was tested using detached pear leaves.The sensitivity of 120 strains of C.fructicola to difenoconazole was determined by mycelial growth rate method.The results indicated that difenoconazole had high inhibitory activities against mycelial growth and germ tube elongation.However,the inhibition against conidia germination of C.fructicola was weak,with the average EC50 values of(0.33±0.03)μg/mL,(2.61±0.26)μg/mL and(29.87±1.31)μg/mL,respectively.The protective and curative effects of 160μg/mL difenoconazole to pear anthracnose were92%and 79%,respectively.And those of 1000μg/mL carbendazim were 51%and 23%,respectively.120 strains from major pear cultivation areas in South China were sensitive to difenoconazole,and the EC50 values were in the range of 0.27-1.12μg/mL.The frequency curves of EC50 value was continuous and unimodal,and following the positive skewness distribution.Hence,the mean EC50 value(0.59±0.02)μg/mL could be recognized as baseline sensitivities of C.fructicola to difenoconazole.The study laid the foundation for the evaluation and monitoring of the field resistance of C.fructicola to the difenoconazole,and provided a theoretical basis for the application of this fungicide to control pear anthracnose in the pear cultivation area.
作者
沈量
马雨萱
傅敏
洪霓
王国平
SHEN Liang;MA Yuxuan;FU Min;HONG Ni;WANG Guoping(College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《农药学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期54-59,共6页
Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science
基金
农业产业技术体系(CARS-28-15)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201406).
关键词
梨
果生炭疽菌
苯醚甲环唑
敏感基线
敏感性
防治效果
pear
Colletotrichum fructicola
difenoconazole
baseline sensitivity
sensitivity
control efficacy
