摘要
监测评估生态工程区的生态功能变化是实施推进生态治理修复工程的重要参考。基于修正风蚀方程(RWEQ)与GIS技术,评估分析了风沙源治理工程区内锡林郭勒盟的防风固沙功能动态变化,并重点探讨了降水量和植被覆盖度对防风固沙功能的影响。结果表明:2000—2015年锡林郭勒盟年均防风固沙量为14.56亿t,单位面积防风固沙约为74.78 t·hm^-2,且分别以7.1%和6.3%的年均速率波动增加。整体来看,锡林郭勒盟防风固沙功能由东南向西北及东北方向递减,主要原因是东北部潜在风蚀风险较低。相比2000年,2015年锡林郭勒盟有32.63%的地区防风固沙能力升高,51.82%的地区稳定,另有15.55%的地区防风固沙能力下降。此外,锡林郭勒盟防风固沙功能变化与降水量和植被覆盖度变化均呈显著相关。因此,风沙源治理工程区防风固沙功能的提升应综合考虑气候变化、生态工程和人类活动的影响。
Resulting from natural processes or induced by human activities,desertification is an important global ecological and environmental challenge.China has recently initiated a series of ecological restoration programs at national and regional scales.However,regular monitoring and assessment of related ecosystem services in the ecological engineering areas can also provide fundamental references for the implementations of desertification control measures.This study estimated the dynamic changes of sand-fixing service in Xilin Gol League,which is located in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,in the north-western part of an extensive sandstorm source control project region,and represents 44%of the total project area.The RWEQ model was applied,and the influences of rainfall and vegetation coverage on sand-fixing capacity were analyzed.The results indicate that the average annual amount of sand-fixing service reached 1.456 billion tons of sand during the period of 2000-2015,with an average sand-fixing capacity of 74.78 t·hm^-2.These values annually increased by 7.1%and 6.3%,respectively.In addition,the sand-fixing service in Xilin Gol League showed a gradually decreasing trend from southeast to northwest and northeast,mainly due to the lower wind erosion risk in the northeastern part.Compared with 2000,approximately 32.63%of the Xilin Gol League area presented an improvement in the sand-fixing service in 2015,also,the degradation area and unchanged area of sand-fixing service occupied 15.55%and 51.82%,respectively.Furthermore,the change of sand-fixing service significantly correlated with vegetation coverage and rainfall in Xilin Gol League.The results reveal that the integrated influences of climate change,ecological engineering and human activities on sand-fixing service should receive more attention,and additional effective control measures on wind erosion in the weak improvement regions should be adopted.
作者
张彪
王爽
ZHANG Biao;WANG Shuang(Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期291-299,共9页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503403)。
关键词
防风固沙
风蚀
时空变化
植被覆盖度
降水量
锡林郭勒盟
sand-fixing
wind erosion
spatial-temporal change
vegetation coverage
rainfall
Xilin Gol League
