摘要
[目的]保护联合梯田的生态农业技术遗产资源。[方法]通过文献查阅、实地调研与农户走访等方法,调查联合梯田稻作系统的田间综合管理技术。[结果]田间综合管理技术归纳为以下几点:(1)利用森林蓄水、梯田调蓄、流水串灌和分级截流的方式分配水资源,并根据稻作类型及水稻生育期的需水特性管理水分;(2)采用种植绿肥、放养红萍、秸秆还田、施用厩肥、沤制农家肥,以及种养结合、稻豆间作等措施维持地力;(3)以复种轮作、种养结合和秸秆覆盖为主,人工与化学除草为辅的途径控草;(4)以人工防治、物理防治、化学防治、农业防治及生物防治相结合防控病虫害。[结论]联合梯田保留的传统田间综合管理技术对维持梯田稻作系统稳定性具有重要意义,其蕴含的土地用养结合、物质循环再生与生物和谐共生等生态理念对当代农业可持续发展具有参考价值。
[Purpose] To protect the traditional eco-agricultural technology heritages of Lianhe terraces. [Method] The integrated field management technology of rice cropping system in Lianhe terrace was investigated by literature review, field investigation and farmer visits. [Result] The integrated field management technology of rice cropping system is mainly summarized as follows.(1) Allocate water resources by using forest water reservoir, terrace field storage, running stream water irrigation, and hierarchical grading water interception. The water is managed according to the type of rice and water demand during the growing period.(2) The fertility is maintained by planting green manure, cultivating Azolla imbircata, returning straw to the field, applying manure fertilizer, and fermenting farm manure, combination of planting and raising, and intercropping rice and beans.(3) The weed control is mainly through multiple crop rotation, combination of planting and and raising and straw mulching technology, supplemented by artificial and chemical weeding.(4) Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests are done by a combination of artificial control, physical control, chemical control, agricultural control, and biological control. [Conclusion] The reserved traditional integrated field management technology over Lianhe terraces is of great significance for maintaining the stability of terraced rice farming systems, and its ecological concepts, such as the combination of land use and nutrition, material recycling, and biological harmony. The technology has reference values for the sustainable development of contemporary agriculture.
作者
樊荣荣
王玉洁
吕昭君
郑新宇
王维奇
闵庆文
林瑞余
FAN Rongrong;WANG Yujie;Lü Zhaojun;ZHENG Xinyu;WANG Weiqi;MIN Qingwen;LIN Ruiyu(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350007,China;Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《亚热带农业研究》
2019年第4期240-245,共6页
Subtropical Agriculture Research
基金
福建省农业科技跨越计划(闽农科教[2011]417号)
福建省尤溪县人民政府委托项目
福建农林大学创新基金项目(HXF160003)资助。
关键词
联合梯田
田间管理技术
系统稳定性
可持续发展
Lianhe terraces
field management technology
system stability
sustainable development
