摘要
石墨烯因力学特性、电子效应、光学特性、热性能以及其他化学性质而受到人们的广泛关注,其氧化产物——氧化石墨烯兼具以上优良性能,还含有丰富的羟基、羧基等含氧基团。氧化石墨烯是一种二维材料,具有独特的原子厚度和微米横向尺寸、优异的机械强度、较大的表面积和较强的亲水性,在水处理方面具有广阔的应用前景。近年来,关于氧化石墨烯复合膜的制备方法与应用研究取得了较大进展,但是针对有机废水的处理,复合膜的不稳定性阻碍了其发展。氧化石墨烯膜对有机物有较好的去除效果,但通量较低、稳定性差、抗污性较差的缺点越来越突出。氧化石墨烯的层间距限制了其在水处理中的应用。因此,除研究影响氧化石墨烯膜处理效果的因素外,研究者们还将具有多孔结构的金属有机框架材料与氧化石墨烯结合制备复合膜,并取得了一定的成果。目前,氧化石墨烯/金属有机框架材料复合膜对有机染料亚甲基蓝和刚果红等的去除率可达99%,较氧化石墨烯纯膜的去除率提高约55%。在复合膜处理有机废水的研究中,氧化石墨烯/铜基(HKUST-1)复合膜、氧化石墨烯/锆基(UiO-66)复合膜、氧化石墨烯/锌基(ZIF-8)复合膜等已取得较好的研究成果。其中铜基金属有机框架材料与氧化石墨烯制备的复合膜应用较多,已被广泛用于有机废水、含油废水的处理以及气体分离领域。金属有机框架材料的加入,可有效增大氧化石墨烯的层间距,提高复合膜的亲水性,为水分子通过复合膜提供了有效的通道和推动力,从而提升复合膜的通量和去污性能。本文介绍了国内外氧化石墨烯/金属有机框架材料复合膜的研究与应用,重点论述其在难降解有机物、有机染料废水处理中的研究进展,并对复合膜去除有机物的机理进行探讨。此外,对氧化石墨烯/金属有机框架材料复合膜的发展前景进行展望,在涵盖两种优良吸附剂特性的基础上,随着研究的不断深入,高通量、高去除率、高抗污性能的复合膜将会在更多领域得到应用。
Graphene has attracted much attention due to its mechanical properties,electronic effects,optical properties,thermal properties and other chemical properties.Its oxidation product,graphene oxide(GO),has both the above excellent properties and rich hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.GO is a two-dimensional material with unique atomic thickness and micron transverse size,excellent mechanical strength,large surface area and strong hydrophilicity.It has broad application prospects in water treatment.In recent years,great progress has been made in the preparation and application of GO composite membranes.However,in the treatment of organic wastewater,the instability of composite membranes hinders its development.GO membrane has a higher removal rate of organics,but the low flux,low rejection,poor stability and the layer spacing limit its application in water treatment.Therefore,in addition to investigate the factors affecting the treatment effect of graphene oxide membrane,researchers consi-dered add appropriate porous metal organic frameworks(MOFs)into grapheme oxide to prepare functional composite membrane.In addition,some achievements have been achieved.At present,the removal rate of organic dyes such as methylene blue and Congo red by GO/MOFs composite membrane can reach 99%,which is about 55%higher than that of pure GO membrane.In the study of organic wastewater treatment by composite membranes,the composite membranes with better treatment effect are as follows:graphene oxide/copper-based(HKUST-1)composite membrane,graphene oxide/zirconium-based(UiO-66)composite membrane and graphene oxide/zinc-based(ZIF-8)composite membrane.Copper-based MOFs and GO composite membranes are widely used in organic and oily wastewater treatment and gas separation.The addition of MOFs can effectively increase the interlayer spacing of GO,and improve the hydrophilicity of composite membranes.It can be also provide an effective channel and driving force for the passage of water molecules.In addition,the flux and decontamination performance of the composite membranes can be improved.In this paper,the research and application at home and abroad of GO/MOFs composite membrane is introduced.The research progress of GO/MOFs composite membrane in the treatment of refractory organic matter and organic dye wastewater is mainly discussed.The mechanism of organic matter removal by composite membrane is further discussed.In addition,development prospects of GO/MOFs composite membranes are prospected.Based on the characteristics of two excellent adsorbents,the composite membranes with high throughput,high removal rate and superior anti-fouling performance will be applied in more fields.
作者
刘宇程
祝梦
陈明燕
涂雯雯
甘冬
LIU Yucheng;ZHU Meng;CHEN Mingyan;TU Wenwen;GAN Dong(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Institute of Industrial Waste Disposal and Resource Utilization,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第7期3-9,共7页
Materials Reports
基金
四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2018GZ0421)。
关键词
氧化石墨烯
金属有机框架材料
复合膜
有机废水
graphene oxide
metal organic frameworks
composite membrane
organic wastewater
