摘要
为了掌握石羊河下游天然胡杨资源及分布区土壤特性,采用询问、聘请向导等方式对石羊河下游天然胡杨进行了地毯式的调查,分析了天然胡杨分布特征及土壤养分、水分、地下水位等因子。结果表明:1)石羊河下游天然胡杨在原水系和河道周围呈零星、分散的点片状分布,以土地利用现状和立地条件为依据,将现存胡杨林地划分为渠路旁、耕地旁、沙丘地、老河滩地、弃耕地等5个类型,其中耕地旁胡杨林分布点(块)数最多且长势优于其他胡杨林类型。2)不同类型胡杨林0~20 cm土层中的速效P、全N、有机质含量最高,然后随土层深度增加而逐渐减少,且只有在0~20 cm土层中耕地旁胡杨林显著高于其他类型(P<0.05),其余各土层差异性不显著(P>0.05);不同类型胡杨林pH差异性不显著(P>0.05);不同类型胡杨林土壤颗粒物体积百分比随土层不同而不同,粘粒和粉粒在土层40~60 cm中,沙丘地胡杨林与其他类型间差异性显著(P<0.05),细沙粒和粗沙粒在同一土层不同类型间差异性显著(P<0.05)。3)耕地旁胡杨林土壤水分高于其他类型,且在20~40、60~80、80~100 cm土层间均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。4)胡杨分布区地下水埋深在2.86~33.28 m,各灌区之间差别较大,对胡杨分布和生长没有造成直接影响。5)杜绝毁林垦种,合理分配水资源,适度补充胡杨分布区土壤水分是维护区域天然胡杨健康发展的有效途径;同时,可结合地方经济发展,适度开展胡杨林人工种植,以保护地方特色天然林种。
In order to grasp the natural Populus euphratica resources and soil characteristics of the distribution area in the lower reaches of Shiyang river,a survey was carried out on the natural P.euphratica forests by means of enquiring and employing local guiders,and the distribution characteristics of natural P.euphratica forest and soil nutrients,water and groundwater levels were analyzed.The results showed that:1)the natural P.euphratica in the research area was in scattered distribution around the original water system and the river channel,which was divided into five types,i.e.,canal roadside,cultivated land,sand dunes,old river beach and abandoned farmland,respectively,according to the current land use status and site conditions.The amount of P.euphratica growing in cultivated land was the highest and its growth was better than the other forest land types.2)The content of available P,total nitrogen,and organic matter in the 0-20 cm soil layer of different types were the highest,and then gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth.Moreover,only in the 0-20 cm soil layer of the cultivated land,the contents of above mentioned were significantly higher than other types(P<0.05),and the differences of other soil layers were not significant(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in pH between different types of poplar forests(P>0.05).The volume percentage of soil particles varied with the soil layer in different types of natural P.euphratica.In the soil layer of 40-60 cm,clay and silt particles showed significant difference between Euphrates dune forest and other types(P<0.05),and fine and coarse sand particles showed significant difference between different types in the same soil layer(P<0.05).3)The soil moisture of P.euphratica forest growing in cultivated land was higher than the other corresponding types,and significant difference of the soil moisture were found in soil layers of 20-40 cm,60-80 cm and 80-100 cm(P<0.05).4)The groundwater depth in these areas ranged from 2.86 to 33.28 m,showing a considerable difference between the different irrigation districts,which had no direct impact on the distribution and growth of P.euphratica.5)It was an effective way to maintain the healthy development of natural P.euphratica by eliminating deforestation for cultivation,allocating water resources reasonably and moderately replenishing soil moisture in the distribution area of natural P.euphratica.At the same time,combined with the development of local economy,the artificial planting of natural P.euphratica can be carried out moderately to protect the natural forest species.
作者
马俊梅
马剑平
满多清
郭春秀
赵鹏
王飞
张裕年
MA Jun-mei;MA Jian-ping;MAN Duo-qing;GUO Chun-xiu;ZHAO Peng;WANG Fei;ZHANG Yu-nian(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期15-23,共9页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
省重点研发计划(17YF1FA113)
省基金(18JR3RA018)
国家自然科学基金(31560128)。
关键词
石羊河下游
天然胡杨
分布特征
土壤特性
lower reach of Shiyang river
natural P.euphratica
distribution
soil characteristics
