摘要
为筛选有效缓解白术连作障碍的土壤改良剂,以生石灰(A)和腐植酸颗粒肥(B)作为土壤改良剂,各设3个水平,采用两因素随机区组设计,其中以未施用土壤改良剂(A1B1处理)为对照,研究施用土壤改良剂对连作白术质量、产量、病害和土壤酶活性的影响.结果表明,施用土壤改良剂能显著降低白术白绢病和根腐病的发病率,提高白术的存苗率、产量和白术药材的质量;施用土壤改良剂能增加土壤S-ACP活性,对土壤S-UE、S-PPO、S-SC活性均具有调控作用.相关性分析结果表明,土壤S-UE、S-PPO活性越高越不利于白术药材质量和产量的形成,土壤S-ACP活性越高越有利于降低白术病害的发病率,提高白术的存苗率,有利于白术药材质量和产量的形成.移栽后60~150 d,处理A2B2(生石灰300 kg/hm2,腐植酸颗粒肥300 kg/hm2)白术白绢病发病率和根腐病发病率的变化均比其他处理稳定,移栽后150 d白术白绢病、根腐病的发病率较处理A1B1分别降低61.97%、91.67%,土壤S-UE活性均值最低,土壤S-ACP活性均值、白术存苗率、药材浸出物含量和产量均最高,其中,产量比处理A1B1增加361.33%,为最佳处理.综上,在白术连作1 a的土壤中施入生石灰(300 kg/hm2)和腐植酸颗粒肥(300 kg/hm2),能有效调节土壤酶活性,降低白术病害的发病率,提高白术存苗率、药材质量和产量.
In order to screen soil amendments that effectively alleviate the obstacle of Atractylodes macrocephala continuous cropping,quicklime(A)and humic acid granule fertilizer(B)were used as soil amendment and three levels were set respectively.A two-factor random block design was used,and the treatment without soil amendment(A 1B 1 treatment)was used as the control,to study the effects of soil amendments on the quality,yield,disease and soil enzyme activity of Atractylodes macrocephala.The results showed that the application of soil amendment could effectively reduce the southern blight and root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala,and improve the seedling rate,yield and quality of Atractylodes macrocephala.Soil amendment could increase soil S-ACP activity,and it had regulation effect on soil S-UE,S-PPO and S-SC activities.The results of correlation analysis showed that the higher activities of S-UE and S-PPO in soil were not conducive to the formation of quality and yield of Atractylodes macrocephala.The higher the activity of S-ACP in soil,the more beneficial to reduce the incidence of Atractylodes macrocephala disease,to improve the seedling rate of Atractylodes macrocephala,and to form the quality and yield of Atractylodes macrocephala.At 60—150 days after transplant,the change of the incidence of southern blight and root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala in A 2B 2 treatment(quicklime 300 kg/ha,humic acid granule fertilizer 300 kg/ha)was more stable than other treatments.At 150 days after transplant,the incidences of southern blight and root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala were 61.97%and 91.67%lower than that of A 1B 1 treatment,respectively.The average value of soil S-UE activity was the lowest,and the average value of soil S-ACP activity,the seedling rate of Atractylodes macrocephala,the content of leaching substance and yield were the highest.The yield increased by 361.33%compared with A 1B 1 treatment.In summary,adding quicklime(300 kg/ha)and humic acid granule fertilizer(300 kg/ha)in the soil of continuous planting of Atractylodes macrocephala for one year can effectively regulate the soil enzyme activity,reduce the incidence of disease of Atractylodes macrocephala,and improve the seedling rate,quality and yield of Atractylodes macrocephala.
作者
唐乐
曹国璠
李金玲
龙欧
黄天忠
周芳
TANG Le;CAO Guofan;LI Jinling;LONG Ou;HUANG Tianzhong;ZHOU Fang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicine Plants,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2020年第3期54-62,共9页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2530)
贵州省特色粮油作物栽培与生理生态研究科技创新人才团队项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5613号)。
关键词
白术
连作
土壤改良剂
生石灰
腐植酸颗粒肥
产量
药材质量
病害
土壤酶活性
Atractylodes macrocephala
Continuous cropping
Soil amendment
Quicklime
Humic acid granule fertilizer
Yield
Medicinal material quality
Disease
Soil enzyme activity
