摘要
月球着陆器着陆过程中会产生巨大的冲击作用,影响其内部精密仪器的正常工作,且着陆安全性问题决定着着陆任务的成败,因此,研究着陆器软着陆过程中与月壤的动力响应具有重要意义。首先基于对着陆器着陆冲击过程研究,建立了着陆器与模拟月壤相互作用理论模型;之后,利用自主研发的着陆冲击试验系统,采用半球形足垫(简称“足垫”)模拟着陆器缓冲支腿,通过垂直着陆冲击试验,对冲击模拟月壤过程中足垫的着陆质量和冲击速度对着陆冲击过程的影响进行了详细研究。研究结果表明,模拟月壤密实度一定,较大的着陆质量能有效提高着陆器冲击机械能的耗散效率;冲击速度越大,着陆器在单位时间内转移到模拟月壤的动量越多,模拟月壤颗粒对着陆器产生的作用力越大;冲击能表征了着陆质量和冲击速度,对垂直着陆冲击过程有很重要的影响。最后,通过试验结果与理论模型对比,对着陆器与模拟月壤的动力学模型进行了验证。研究结果可为设计安全载人登月月面着陆器提供必要的试验数据与理论参考。
The landing process of lunar lander has a huge impact on the normal operation of its internal fine instruments,and the landing safety determines the success or failure of the landing mission.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the dynamic response of the lander to the lunar soil during soft landing.Based on the study of landing impact process of the lander,a theoretical model of interaction between the lander and simulated lunar soil was established.Then,the hemispherical footpad was used to simulate the leg landing of the lander using our test system.In our vertical landing impact test,the landing mass and velocity of the footpad in the simulation of the impact on lunar soil were studied in detail.Results show that at a given density of the simulated lunar soil,a larger landing quality could effectively improve the dissipation efficiency of the impact mechanical energy of the lander.The larger the impact velocity is,the more momentum the lander transferred to the simulated lunar soil in unit time,and the greater the force the simulated lunar soil particles exerted on the lander.The impact energy representes the landing mass and impact velocity,and has an important influence on the impact process of vertical landing.Finally,by comparing the experimental results with the theoretical ones,the dynamic model of the lunar soil and the lander is verified.The results provide necessary experimental data and a theoretical reference for the design of safe manned lunar landing vehicle.
作者
刘欢
王永滨
梁绍敏
武士轻
LIU Huan;WANG Yong-bin;LIANG Shao-min;WU Shi-qing(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2020年第2期848-853,共6页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51505028)。
关键词
软着陆
垂直冲击
模拟月壤
试验
soft landing
ertical impact
simulated lunar soil
test
