摘要
商业秘密是一种特殊的知识产权。与专利、商标、著作权等传统知识产权有所不同,商业秘密具有保护范围的广泛性和无限性、权利取得方式的自动性和低排他性、权利存续期限不受限制以及保护手段的严密性等独特特征。因此,有必要通过单独立法进行保护。商业秘密保护与专利制度均为创新激励的重要制度保障。专利制度以公开技术方案作为授予专利权的条件。不同于专利,商业秘密的保护以“秘密性”为核心要件。商业秘密保护的特殊性决定,那些不能获得专利保护的技术创新成果和经营性资讯均有可能通过商业秘密获得必要保护,因而在激励和保障创新方面,商业秘密拥有专利制度不能比拟的作用,是专利制度的主要替代保护手段之一。通过单独立法保护商业秘密,能够补足创新驱动的制度短板,与专利形成保护创新的合力。新时代加快建设创新型国家战略背景下,我国目前对商业秘密仍然采取碎片式立法保护做法,已经远不能满足现实环境中商业秘密保护的制度所需,尽快制定出台单独立法保护商业秘密是新时代加快建成创新型国家的必然要求。
Trade secrets are a special kind of intellectual property.Different from traditional intellectual property rights such as copyright,patents and trademarks,trade secrets have the uniqueness and infinity of protection,the automatic and low exclusivity of the way to obtain rights,the unlimited duration of rights and the rigor of protection means.Features,so it is necessary to protect them through separate legislation.Trade secrets and patent systems are important institutional guarantees for innovation incentives.In terms of incentives and protection of innovation,trade secrets have a role that the patent system cannot match,and it is one of the main alternative protection methods of the patent system.By protecting the trade secrets by separate legislation,it is able to complement the innovation-driven institutional shortcomings and work together with the patents to form a system of protection and innovation.Under the background of accelerating the establishment of an innovative country in the new era,China should formulate separate legislation to protect trade secrets as soon as possible.
作者
孙智
SUN Zhi(School of Law or Intellectual Property Center,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Intellectual Property Research Institute,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)
出处
《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第2期141-148,共8页
Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
贵州省2018年度科技支撑计划(软科学)研究项目“贵州高价值专利识别及培育机制研究”(黔科合支撑[2018]20028)
2019年国家知识产权局软科学研究项目“我国与‘一带一路’沿线国家知识产权合作机制构建研究”(SS19-A-03)的阶段性成果。
关键词
商业秘密
专利
知识产权
单独立法
创新型国家
trade secrets
patents
intellectual property rights
separate legislation
innovative countries
