摘要
从24个甬优系列籼粳杂交稻品种(系)中,根据不同产量水平和氮素农学利用率筛选出具有代表性的3种类型(高产氮高效、高产氮中效、中产氮中效),系统比较各类型产量和氮素农学利用率,以探究高产氮高效型籼粳杂交稻产量和氮素吸收利用特征。结果表明,高产氮高效型产量显著高于高产氮中效型和中产氮中效型,分别高4.04%~4.38%和13.37%~13.41%,其高产原因在于群体颖花量大,能达到5.87×10^8~6.20×10^8 hm^-2。与高产氮中效型和中产氮中效型相比,高产氮高效型成穗率高,能保持在68.83%~70.05%;抽穗期叶面积指数高,且生育后期衰减平缓,成熟期叶面积指数在3.85以上;抽穗至成熟期干物质积累量大,达7.91~7.99 t hm^-2,全生育期干物质量可达21.15~21.46 t hm^-2。在氮素吸收利用方面,高产氮高效型总吸氮量显著高于高产氮中效型和中产氮中效型,分别高5.07%~5.14%和4.50%~5.96%;拔节至抽穗期和抽穗至成熟期氮素吸收速率表现为高产氮高效型>高产氮中效型>中产氮中效型,花后茎鞘氮素转运量、穗部氮素积累量和氮素收获指数也有相同表现;氮素回收利用率、农学利用率、生理利用率和偏生产力均以高产氮高效型最高;高产氮中效型除氮素回收利用率和百千克籽粒吸氮量外,其他各项氮素利用指标均高于中产氮中效型。
A field experiment was conducted with 24 indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties(lines)of Yongyou series,from which three types(high yield and high AE(agronomic nitrogen use efficiency)[HH],high yield and medium AE[HM],medium yield and medium AE[MM])were selected to explore the characteristics of varieties with high yield and high AE.The yield of HH type was 4.04%-4.38%and 13.37%-13.41%higher than that of HM type and MM type respectively,owing to the larger number of total spikelets,which was 5.87×10^8-6.20×10^8 hm^-2.Compared with HM and MM type,HH type had a high percentage of tiller rate,which was 68.83%-70.05%.The LAI of HH type was maximum at heading stage and declined slowly after heading.As a result,the LAI of HH type was above 3.85 at maturity stage.The dry matter accumulation of HH type was 7.91-7.99 t hm^-2 from heading to maturity,which was the highest in three types,and its dry matter accumulation was more than 21.15-21.46 t hm^-2 in the whole growth period.The total nitrogen uptake of HH type showed 5.07%-5.14%and 4.50%-5.96%increase than that of HM type and MM type respectively at maturity stage.The nitrogen sbsorption rate from jointing to heading stage and from heading to maturity stage showed HH type>HM type>MM type,as well as NTSH(N transportation from stem after heading),NIPH(N increase in panicle after heading)and NHI(N harvest index).HH type had the highest NRE(nitrogen recovery use efficiency),AE,PE(physiological nitrogen use efficiency)and PFP(partial factor productivity of applied N).Expect for NRE and NRG(nitrogen requirement for 100 kg grain),all the other nitrogen utilization indexes of HM type were higher than that of MM type.
作者
周磊
刘秋员
田晋钰
朱梦华
程爽
车阳
王志杰
邢志鹏
胡雅杰
刘国栋
魏海燕
张洪程
ZHOU Lei;LIU Qiu-Yuan;TIAN Jin-Yu;ZHU Meng-Hua;CHENG Shuang;CHE Yang;WANG Zhi-Jie;XING Zhi-Peng;HU Ya-Jie;LIU Guo-Dong;WEI Hai-Yan;ZHANG Hong-Cheng(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley,Ministry of Agriculture/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期772-786,共15页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300503)
国家自然科学基金项目(31971841)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-27)
江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2016344,BE2018355)
江苏省农业产业技术体系专项(JATS[2018]298)
扬州大学拔尖人才计划资助。
关键词
甬优系列籼粳杂交稻
高产氮高效
产量
氮素
indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties of Yongyou series
high yield and high agronomic nitrogen use efficiency
yield
nitrogen
