摘要
研究《公共图书馆法》的立法技术有利于降低图书馆事业法律规范的立法成本,提高立法效率和立法质量,实现立法目的,贯彻落实法律。在形式结构上,《公共图书馆法》对草案附则的调整比较合理。在内容结构上,将"坚定文化自信"纳入立法宗旨是合理的,但应考虑原条文从具体到抽象、从微观到宏观的表述顺序。在立法依据上,应明确宣示"依据宪法,制定本法"。在权利义务规范上,该法的权利性规则为公民、法人和其他组织参与图书馆事业提供了激励,也为主管部门的管理提供了合法性支撑,还调动了图书馆从业人员的积极性;由于未明确法律责任,该法的大部分义务性规则在结构上是不完整的,这使该法的落地面临不少障碍。在语言表达技术上,该法在必要情况下使用了一些模糊语词,但过多使用模糊语词会导致法律成为具文,为了确保制度的可行性,今后在制定具体的实施规范时应使用语义明确的语词。
A study on the legislative techniques of The Public Library Law of the People’s Republic of China couldbe helpful to reduce the legislative cost of library-concerned laws and regulations, improve the efficiency andquality of legislation,achieve legislative objectives,and implement the laws and regulations. In terms of formalstructure,it is reasonable to make the amendment of the supplementary provisions. In terms of content structure,itis reasonable to incorporate "to build stronger cultural confidence" into the legislative purpose,though it shouldfollow the narrative order of from concrete to abstract and from micro to macro. In terms of legislative foundation,itshould clearly declare that "This law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution". In terms of rights andobligations,it not only provides legitimacy and certain incentives for citizens,legal persons and other organizationsto participate in public librarianship,provides legal support for governmental administrations,but also providesincentives for public libraries and their staffs. However,most of its obligatory norms are structurally incomplete dueto unclear legal responsibilities,which might make it frustrated. In terms of legislative language,it uses somevague words when necessary, but excessive use of vague words might make it become a mere scrap of paper.Therefore,concrete and practical words should be used in future specific implementation norms,so as to ensurethe application of the law.
出处
《图书馆论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期123-133,共11页
Library Tribune
关键词
公共图书馆法
立法技术
立法宗旨
义务性规则
语言表达技术
The Public Library Law of the People’s Republic of China
legislative technique
legislative purpose
obligatory norm
legislative language
