摘要
【目的】探明黔中黄壤在长期不同施肥条件下碳氮变化关系,为黄壤碳氮循环理论的构建、区域土壤质量评价和农业可持续发展提供依据。【方法】基于贵州省黄壤长期定位监测点,研究不同施肥措施下旱地土壤活性碳、氮演变及其耦合特征。【结果】①有机肥处理黄壤有机碳及有机氮含量均明显提升,各有机肥处理有机碳和有机氮含量较不施肥处理分别提高18%~33%和10%~30%,且随有机肥用量增加其含量明显提升。②有机肥处理有机碳和有机氮储量也显著提升,分别较不施肥处理提高6%~18%和13%~32%。③土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮及溶解性碳均以有机肥处理较高,较不施肥处理分别提高12%~37%、63%~95%和14%~68%;土壤溶解性氮以化肥处理略高但处理间差异不显著。④微生物量碳与溶解性有机碳占土壤有机碳的比例和微生物量氮占土壤全氮的比例以有机肥处理较高;溶解性有机氮占土壤全氮的比例以化肥处理较高。⑤各施肥处理微生物量碳氮比均在10以上,显示黄壤中真菌较多,有机质分解较快。⑥短期内,土壤有机碳、氮与微生物量碳、氮呈显著和极显著正相关性;作物产量与有机氮及溶解性有机碳呈显著和极显著正相关性。【结论】施用有机肥有利于增加土壤碳、氮库容和提高作物产量;相比土壤有机碳、氮,土壤活性碳、氮组分较有机碳、氮是评价土壤肥力及作物产量变化的更敏感指标。
【Objective】The changing relationship between carbon and nitrogen in yellow soil under long-term different fertilization patterns is explored to provide the scientific basis for construction of yellow soil carbon and nitrogen cycle theory,evaluation of regional soil quality and agricultural sustainable development.【Method】The evolution and coupling characteristics of active carbon and nitrogen in upland soil under different fertilization patterns are studied based on long-term location observation points of yellow soil in Guizhou.【Result】(i)The content of organic carbon and organic nitrogen in yellow soil increased with increase of organic manure application rate significantly and the content of organic carbon and organic nitrogen in yellow soil of manure treatments increased by 18%-33%and 10%-30%compared with CK(no fertilization)respectively.(ii)The storage of organic carbon and organic nitrogen in yellow soil of manure treatments increased by 6%-18%and 13%-32%compared with CK separately.(iii)The microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon in yellow soil of manure treatments increased by 12%-37%,63%-95%and 14%-68%compared with CK respectively and the soil dissolved organic nitrogen of chemical fertilizer treatments was slightly higher than other treatments but there was no obvious differ-ence in soil dissolved organic nitrogen between chemical fertilizer treatments.(iv)The proportion of microbial biomass carbon and dissolved organic carbon in soil organic carbon and proportion of microbial biomass nitrogen in soil total nitrogen were higher in yellow soil of manure treatments but the propor-tion of dissolved organic nitrogen in soil total nitrogen was high-er in chemical fertilizer treatments.(v)The microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen ratio of different fertilization treatments was a-bove 10,which indicates that organic matter in yellow soil was quickly decomposed due to more fungi in yellow soil. ( vi) The soil organic carbon was significantly related to microbial biomass carbon and soil organic nitrogen was related to microbial biomass nitrogen very significantly in the short term. The maize yield was significantly related to soil organic nitrogen but was related to soil dissolved organic carbon very significantly. 【Conclusion】Applying manure is beneficial to im- prove soil carbon,nitrogen storage capacity and maize yield. Nitrogen and organic carbon are more sensitive indexes in evaluation of soil fer- tility and change of crop yield compared with the indexes of soil organic carbon,organic nitrogen,soil active carbon and active nitrogen.
作者
张雅蓉
李渝
刘彦伶
黄兴成
张文安
蒋太明
ZHANG Ya-rong;LI Yu;LIU Yan-ling;HUANG Xing-cheng;ZHANG Wen-an;JIANG Tai-ming(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guizhou Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Scientific Ob-servation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agricultural Environment,Ministry of Agriculture,Guizhou Guiyang 550006,China;Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guizhou Guiyang 550006,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期325-333,共9页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省联合基金项目[黔科合LH字(2015)7079]
国家自然科学基金项目(41461069)
贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目[黔科合平台人才(2018)5604]。
关键词
黄壤
长期定位施肥
活性碳氮组分
碳氮耦合
Yellow soil
Long-term fertilization
Active carbon and nitrogen component
Carbon and nitrogen integration
