2Masubuchi K. Prediction and control of residual stresses and distortion in welded stroetures. Proe [C]. Theoretieal Prediction in Joining and Welding.Osaka,Japan,1996. 71-88.
3Penso J A. Development of a PC-based FEM model to predict weld distortion[D].Master's Thesis. The Ohio State University, Columbus,Ohio,USA, 1992.
4Deng Dean, Hidekazu Murakawa, Liang Wei. Numerical simulation of temperature field and residual stress in multi-pass welds in stainless steel pipe and comparison with experimental measurements[J].Computational Materials Science, 2006,37 : 269-277.
5Deng Dean,Murakawa Hidekazu. Prediction of welding residual stress in multi-pass butt-welded modi-fied 9Cr-1 Mo steel pipe considering phase transformation effects[J].Computational Materials Science,2006,37:209-219.
6Sattari-Far I,Javadi Y. Influence of welding sequence on welding distortions in pipes[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2007.
7Erika Hedblom. Multipass welding of nuclear reactor components -measurements[D]. Lulea University of Technology:Department of Applied Physics and Mechanical Engineering,Division of ComputerAided Design.2002.
8Xu Jijin,Chen Ligong,Ni Chunzhen. Effect of vibratoly weht conditioning on the residual stresses and distortion in muhipass girth-butt welded pipes [J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2007,84:298-303.
9Karllsson L. Thermal stresses in welding[C]. Thermal stresses I,Amsterdam, North-Holland, 1986. 299-389.
