摘要
目的近些年来,加压训练因其显著的增肌效果而受到关注。但是,不同程度的血流限制对生长激素、睾酮等与增肌效果密切相关的合成类激素的影响目前还没有明确的研究结果。为此,观察了普通人在4种不同血流限制压力条件下,训练前后血清生长激素、睾酮等激素的变化,为今后进行加压训练时选择适宜压力提供实验依据。方法以10名健康成年男性为实验对象,在不同日期的同一时间点,分别在上肢0 mmHg、下肢0 mmHg(对照组),上肢100 mmHg、下肢140 mmHg(低压组),上肢140 mmHg、下肢180 mmHg(中压组),上肢180 mmHg、下肢220 mmHg(高压组)4种压力条件下,进行4组30%1RM的深蹲、屈臂、伸臂运动。每组均要求尽力完成30次(如完不成则做到力竭为止)。在运动前后测量上肢围度,并取肘静脉血测量生长激素和睾酮。而在运动后第2 min测指血血乳酸浓度,并记录主观疲劳度。结果1)3个加压组完成的总负荷均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),高压组显著低于低压组和中压组(P<0.05),而后二者之间无显著差异。2)各组间运动后血乳酸无显著差异,但3个加压组上肢放松围变化幅度和主观疲劳度均显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。其中,高压组的放松围变化显著低于低压组和中压组,高压组的主观疲劳度显著高于低压组和中压组P<0.05),而后二者之间无显著差异。3)运动后,4组的生长激素均显著增加(P<0.001)。其中,3个加压组的变化幅度显著大于对照组(P<0.05),低压组和中压组显著高于高压组(P<0.05),而低压组和中压组之间无显著性差异。4)对照组(的血睾酮)在运动前后无显著变化,而3个加压组均显著上升(P<0.05),但相互间均无显著差异。结论在以普通健康成年人为研究对象的低强度抗阻加压运动中,上肢压力为100~140 mmHg,下肢压力为140~180 mmHg的血流限制条件下,肌肉肿胀效应更加显著,生长激素、血睾酮等与增肌效果密切相关的合成类激素指标显著增加,同时疲劳感相对较小。
Objective: In recent years, KAATSU training has attracted much attention because of its good fitness effect. However, the effects of different degrees of blood flow restriction on synthetic hormones, such as human growth hormone(hGH) and testosterone, which are closely related to myogenic effects, have not yet been clearly studied. We observed the changes of serum human growth hormone(hGH), testosterone and other hormones before and after training under four different blood flow restriction pressures, so as to provide experimental basis for choosing suitable pressure in future pressure training. Methods: Ten healthy men were divided into four groups at the same time point on different dates: upper limb 0 mmHg, lower limb 0 mmHg(control group), upper limb 100 mmHg, lower limb 140 mmHg(low pressure group), upper limb 140 mmHg, lower limb 180 mmHg(medium pressure group), upper limb 180 mmHg, lower limb 220 mmHg(high pressure group) for deep squatting, flexion and arm stretching exercise of 30% 1 RM in four groups. Each group was required to try to complete 30 times(if not, until exhaustion). The circumference of upper limbs was measured before and after exercise, and the blood of elbow vein was taken to measure human growth hormone(hG H) and testosterone. In the second minute after exercise, the blood lactate concentration was measured and subjective fatigue was recorded. Results: 1) The total load of the three pressure groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05), while that of the high pressure group was significantly lower than that of the low pressure group and the medium pressure group(P< 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. 2) There was no significant difference in blood lactic acid after exercise among the three groups, but the range of upper limb relaxation and subjective fatigue in the three compression groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P< 0.001). The change ranges of the limb relaxation circumference of the high pressure group was significantly lower than the low pressure group and the medium pressure group,the subjective fatigue of the high pressure group was significantly higher than the low pressure group and the medium pressure group(P< 0.05) among them, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. 3) After exercise, human growth hormone(hG H) increased significantly in all four groups(P< 0.001). Among them, the change range of the three pressure groups was significantly greater than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the low pressure group and the medium pressure group were significantly higher than that of the high pressure group(P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the low pressure group and the medium pressure group. 4) In the aspect of blood testosterone, there was no significant change in the control group before and after exercise, but there was no significant difference among the three pressure groups(P< 0.05). Conclusion: In the low-intensity resistive compression exercise of normal healthy adults, the blood restriction conditions of upper limb pressure of 100~140 mmH g and lower limb pressure of 140~180 mmH g can significantly increase the synthetic hormone indexes closely related to the muscle-increasing effect, such as human growth hormone(hG H), blood testosterone and muscle swelling effect, while the sense of fatigue is relatively small.
作者
李卓倩
魏文哲
赵之光
孙科
高伟
肖卓威
LI Zhuoqian;WEI Wenzhe;ZHAO Zhiguang;SUN Ke;GAO Wei;XIAO Zhuowei(Zhongshan Primary School,Songjiang District,Shanghai 201600,China;Beijing Research Institute of Sports Science,Beijing 100075,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期38-43,共6页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
北京市体育局资助项目(2016BTP005)。
关键词
加压训练
血流限制
生长激素
睾酮
乳酸
肌肉围度
KAATSU training
blood flow restriction
human growth hormone
testosterone
lactic acid
muscle circumference
