摘要
针对现有水稻钵苗移栽机移栽行距固定、不能适应南方双季稻区不同行距移栽农艺要求的问题,在歩距式水稻插秧机基础上,设计了一种取苗轨迹简单、实用及性能可靠的变行距钵苗移栽装置。根据钵苗最佳拔取角度与取、投苗位置要求,确定取苗运动轨迹,设计取苗连杆机构,建立运动学模型,并应用Matlab对机构模型进行优化设计;根据取苗连杆机构运动参数与钵苗下落姿态的要求,设计苗夹开合与旋转运动控制凸轮,并进行取苗连杆机构与苗夹机构之间运动同步性的运动仿真分析;为满足钵苗经过输苗筒后下落至水田时刻的一致,以保证移栽时钵苗株距均匀性,对输苗筒的关键结构进行了理论分析及设计;进行不同取苗速度、不同行距的移栽试验,平均取苗成功率达到89.96%,平均倒苗率3.45%,表明该装置具有较好的移栽效果,可应用于水稻钵苗变行距移栽作业。
As the existing rice pot seedling transplanter with fixed row-spacing failed to meet the agronomic requirements of rice transplanting with different row-spaces in the double cropping rice area in south China,a kind of pot seedling transplanting device gearing to the need of variable row-spacing transplanting was accordingly designed based on the existing walking type rice transplanter. Firstly,the optimal pulling angle of pot seedlings and the location of picking and falling determined the trajectory of pot seedlings,and the kinematics model of connecting rod mechanism of picking seedlings was established,the design of the mechanism model was optimized with the help of Matlab. Secondly,according to the motion parameters of the connecting rod mechanism and the motion requirements of the clamping motion posed by the dropping posture of the pot seedling when it was being thrown,the CAM of the clamping motion control was designed,and the motion simulation was carried out to analyze the synchronism of the movement between the connecting rod mechanism and the clamping motion. Then,in order to maintain the consistency of the time when the pot seedlings fell into the paddy field after passing through the transmission tube to ensure the uniform plant spacing during transplanting,the wall inclination angle of the key parameters of the transmission tube was theoretically analyzed and designed. Finally,transplanting experiments were carried out with different seedling speeds and row-spacings,and the average successful rate of seedling extraction reached 89. 96% and the average inverted seedling rate was3. 45%,indicating that the device had a good transplanting effect and could be applied to the transplanting of rice pot seedlings with variable row-spacing.
作者
蔡金平
刘木华
肖丽萍
林金龙
叶洋洋
杨红飞
CAI Jinping;LIU Muhua;XIAO Liping;LIN Jinlong;YE Yangyang;YANG Hongfei(College of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期50-59,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51565018)
江西省重点研发计划项目(20181BBF60033)。
关键词
水稻
钵苗移栽
变行距
移栽装置
rice
potted-seedling transplanting
variable row-spacing
transplanting device
