摘要
目的调查护理硕士专业学位(MNS)研究生的职业倦怠和心理弹性现状,并探讨二者的相关性。方法采用网络问卷调查方式,选取18所高校的226名MNS研究生为研究对象,采用自制一般人口社会学变量问卷、简化版心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)和职业倦怠量表(MBIGS)调查MNS研究生的一般资料、心理弹性和职业倦怠情况,并探讨MNS研究生心理弹性与职业倦怠的相关性。结果226名MNS研究生的心理弹性总分为70.08±6.49,其中乐观、自强、坚韧维度得分分别为13.29±0.32、30.26±0.21、41.32±0.94;心理弹性得分与性别、年龄、参加临床实践时长、婚恋状况、居住地、年级、是否独生子女、经济状况等一般人口社会学资料无关(P>0.05)。226名MNS研究生的职业倦怠总分为35.49±0.32,其中情绪耗竭、去个性化、个人成就感降低维度得分分别为16.35±0.44、9.89±0.58、9.25±0.57。MNS研究生的情绪耗竭得分与年龄、婚恋、居住地、是否独生子女和临床实践时长有关(F/t=3.226、2.912、5.319、3.971、-2.550,P<0.05),其中25~30岁、>30岁MNS研究生的情绪耗竭维度得分高于≤25岁的MNS研究生(P<0.05);已婚MNS研究生的情绪耗竭维度得分高于有恋人和无恋人的MNS研究生(P<0.05);城镇居住的MNS研究生的情绪耗竭维度得分高于农村居住的MNS研究生(P<0.05);独生子女MNS研究生的情绪耗竭维度得分高于非独生子女的MNS研究生(P<0.05);参加临床实践12~24个月的MNS研究生的情绪耗竭维度得分高于≤12个月的MNS研究生(P<0.05)。MNS研究生的去人性化、个人成就感维度及职业倦怠总得分与一般人口社会学资料无关(P>0.05)。心理弹性总分及乐观维度与职业倦怠总分及情绪耗竭、去个性化2个维度得分呈负相关(P<0.01),与个人成就感呈正相关(P<0.05);自强和坚韧2个维度得分与职业倦怠总分及情绪耗竭、去个性化2个维度得分呈负相关(P<0.05),与个人成就感呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论MNS研究生存在一定程度的职业倦怠,提高其心理弹性水平能够预防和降低职业倦怠。
Objective To investigate the status quo of job burnout and psychological resilience of master of nursing specialist(MNS),and explore the correlation between them.Methods The network questionnaire was used to investigate 226 MNS from 18 colleges and universities.The general data,psychological resilience and job burnout of MNS postgraduates were investigated by using the self-made general demographic sociology variables questionnaire,connor-devision resilience scale(CD-RISC)and Maslach burnout inventory-general survey(MBIGS),and the correlation between psychological resilience and job burnout of MNS postgraduates was analyzed.Results The total score of psychological resilience of 226 MNS postgraduates was 70.08±6.49,in which the scores of optimism,self-improvement and tenacity were 13.29±0.32,30.26±0.21 and 41.32±0.94,respectively.The score of psychological resilience was not related to gender,age,length of clinical practice,marital status,residence,grade,one-child status and economic status(P>0.05).The total score of job burnout of 226 MNS postgraduates was 35.49±0.32,in which the scores of emotional exhaustion,deindividuation and personal achievement reduction were 16.35±0.44,9.89±0.58 and 9.25±0.57,respectively.The emotional exhaustion scores of MNS postgraduates were related to age,marriage and love,residence,one-child status and clinical practice duration(F/t=3.266,2.912,5.319,3.971,-2.550;P<0.05).Among them,the score of emotional exhaustion dimension of MNS graduate students aged 25-30 years old and aged>30 years old was higher than that of MNS graduate students aged≤25 years old(P<0.05).The scores of emotional exhaustion dimension of married MNS graduate students were higher than those of MNS graduate students with and without lovers(P<0.05).The score of emotional exhaustion dimension of MNS graduate students living in urban areas was higher than that of MNS graduate students living in rural areas(P<0.05).The score of emotional exhaustion dimension of MNS graduate students with only child was higher than that of MNS graduate students without only child(P<0.05).The score of emotional exhaustion dimension of MNS graduate students who participated in clinical practice for 12-24 months was higher than that of MNS graduate students who participated in clinical practice less than or equal to 12 months(P<0.05).The total scores of dehumanization,personal achievement and job burnout of MNS postgraduates was not related with general demographic and sociological data(P>0.05).The total scores of psychological resilience and optimism were negatively correlated with the total scores of job burnout,emotional exhaustion and deindividuation(P<0.01),and positively correlated with personal achievement(P<0.05).The scores of the dimensions of self-improvement and tenacity were negatively correlated with the total score of job burnout,emotional exhaustion and deindividuation(P<0.05),and positively correlated with personal achievement(P<0.05).Conclusion MNS postgraduates have a certain degree of job burnout,and improving their mental resilience can prevent and reduce job burnout.
作者
张会敏
孙羽燕
刘玉青
李健
袁帅
吴凯旋
高杰
任峰
ZHANG Huimin;SUN Yuyan;LIU Yuqing;LI Jian;YUAN Shuai;WU Kaixuan;GAO Jie;REN Feng(Department of Basic Nursing of Nursing School,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453003,Henan Province,China;Graduate Student Department,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453003,Henan Province,China;Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine School,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453003,Henan Province,China;Human Resources Department,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453003,Henan Province,China)
出处
《新乡医学院学报》
CAS
2020年第3期261-265,共5页
Journal of Xinxiang Medical University
基金
河南省高等教育研究生教学改革研究与实践项目(编号:2019SJGLX078Y)
河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(编号:2019SJGLX34)
河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目(编号:2019-ZZJH-060)
2019年河南省教育科学“十三五规划”课题(编号:2019-JKGHYB-0132)
2019年河南省医学教育研究课题(编号:Wjlx2019103)
河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(编号:HNYJS2020JD11)。
关键词
护理硕士
专业学位
研究生
职业倦怠
心理弹性
master of nursing
professional degree
graduate student
job burnout
psychological resilience
