摘要
粮食安全是世界各国关注的重要课题。水稻生产在粮食安全中起着重要作用,而传统水稻种植与水资源紧缺、劳动成本高等矛盾日益突出。水稻旱直播栽培技术越来越得到各国研究者高度重视。本文分析了国内外关于水稻旱直播栽培的发展研究现状,表明水稻旱直播栽培具有省工、节水、便于机械化种植,能提高水肥利用率及降低劳动成本等特点与优势,同时也指出该种栽培方式存在杂草和倒伏问题较难控制、对田间管理要求较高及稻米品质较差等不足,提出水稻旱直播栽培技术可以缓解我国水资源紧缺情况,提高水稻生产效率,对保障我国粮食安全起重要作用,在我国水稻生产中具有广阔的应用前景。
Food security is an important issue in the world.The rice production plays an important role in food security.But the contradiction between traditional rice cultivation and water shortage and high labor costs has become increasingly prominent.Rice direct seeding cultivation technology has been paid more and more attention by researchers from various countries.This paper systematically analyzes the current status of research on the development of direct seedling cultivation of rice at home and abroad.It showed that dry cultivation of rice has the characteristics and advantages of labor saving,water saving,easy mechanization,improvement of water and fertilizer utilization,and reduction of labor costs.At the same time,it is also pointed out that in this kind of cultivation method its harder to control weeds,lodging and has the disadvantages of high requirements for field management and poor quality of rice.In the end,it is proposed that the dry direct seeding rice cultivation technology can alleviate the water resource shortage,improve the rice production efficiency and ensure food security in China.It plays an important role and has broad application prospects in China's rice production.
作者
轧宗杰
卢树昌
侯琨
Ya Zongjie;Lu Shuchang;Hou Kun(College of Agronomy&Resources and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第2期9-15,共7页
Crops
基金
天津市高校“学科领军人才培养计划”项目(J01009030705)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0801006)。
关键词
水稻
旱直播
现状与问题
应用前景
Rice
Dry direct seeding
Current status and problems
Application prospects
