摘要
结合ArcGIS与通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE),研究了1990—2015年三峡库区土壤保持量的时空动态变化规律,并分析了气候、水文、地形、社会等因子对土壤保持功能的影响。结果表明:1990—2015年三峡库区年均土壤保持量为5.79×10~9t (1004.23 t·hm^-2),森林、灌木、草地、农田、未利用地的土壤保持功能依次降低。25年间三峡库区单位面积土壤保持量变化范围为818.73~1280.50 t·hm^-2,2000年土壤保持服务功能最高。三峡库区土壤保持功能呈现东北高,西南低,长江沿岸及重庆主城区附近较低的空间分布趋势;土壤保持量随海拔增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,海拔1000~1500 m的区域土壤保持能力最强;土壤保持量随坡度呈逐渐增加的趋势。海拔、坡度、降水、植被覆盖变化对土壤保持功能变化的贡献最大。人类活动干扰是土壤保持功能变化的主要驱动力。加强生态保护与修复,统筹治理,降低人为干扰,有助于提升三峡库区生态安全。
Combining ArcGIS with the Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE),we examined the temporal and spatial dynamics of soil conservation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)from 1990 to 2015,and analyzed the effects of climatic,hydrologic,topographic,and social factors on soil retention.The mean annual soil conservation was 5.79×10^9 t(1004.23 t·hm^-2)in the TGRA during 1990-2015.Soil conservation services in forests,shrubs,grasslands,cropland,and unused land were successively declined.In the past 25 years,the value of soil conservation per unit area in the TGRA fluctuated within the range of 818.73-1280.50 t·hm^-2,with the highest value in 2000.The soil conservation service was higher in the northeast but lower in the southwest,the bank area of the Yangtze River,and the main urban area of Chongqing.Soil holding capacity first increased and then decreased with increasing altitude,with the strongest capacity in the areas of 1000-1500 m above sea level.Soil holding capacity gradually increased with the slope.Elevation,slope,annual precipitation,and vegetation cover contributed greatly to changes in soil retention.Anthropogenic disturbance was the main driving force for changes of soil retention.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen ecological protection and restoration,implement coordinate management,reduce anthropogenic disturbance,in order to improve the ecological security in the TGRA.
作者
田宇
朱建华
李奇
冯源
李宸宇
肖文发
TIAN Yu;ZHU Jian-hua;LI Qi;FENG Yuan;LI Chen-yu;XIAO Wen-fa(Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;Scientific and Technological Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Yangtze River Economic Belt Ecological Conservation,Beijing 100091,China;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期1164-1174,共11页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC050530201)资助。
