摘要
目的分析江门市2012-2018年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法通过中国AEFI信息管理系统收集2012-2018年江门市报告的AEFI个案信息和疫苗接种信息,采用描述流行病学方法进行数据分析。结果江门市2012-2018年共报告1207例AEFI个案,年均增长率为13.45%,全市7个市(区)均有报告,98.76%的个案在48 h内报告,99.46%的个案在48 h内完成调查。男女性别比为1.39∶1,≤1岁占52.86%,AEFI发生在接种后1 d内占91.47%,各年报告发生率为7.20/10万~12.43/10万;异常反应发生率为2.55/10万~3.53/10万。一般反应以发热和局部红肿和硬结为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹为主,严重异常反应少见。结论江门市AEFI监测的敏感性逐步提高,达到全国监测方案标准。AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童和接种后≤1 d,以一般反应为主,严重异常反应报告发生率极低。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Jiangmen city from 2012 to 2018,and to evaluate the running status of AEFI surveillance system.Methods Data about AEFI and vaccination status reported in Jiangmen city in 2012-2018 were collected from the Chinese Adverse Events Following Immunization Information Management System,and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for data analysis.Results A total of 1,207 AEFI cases were reported in Jiangmen city from 2012 to 2018,with an average annual increase of 13.45%.All 7 counties/districts in the city reported AEFI.98.76%of the cases were reported within 48 h,and 99.46%were investigated within 48 h.The male to female ratio was 1.39∶1.Cases aged≤1 year accounted for 52.86%.91.47%of the AEFI occurred within 1 d after vaccination.The reported incidence rates of AEFI in 2012-2018 ranged from 7.20/100,000 doses to 12.43/100,000 doses.The incidence rates of rare vaccine reactions ranged from 2.55/100,000 doses to 3.53/100,000 doses.The most common vaccine reactions were fever,local swelling and induration.The most common rare vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rash.The incidence of serious rare vaccine reactions was very low.Conclusions The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance in Jiangmen city increased yearly and met the requirements of the national surveillance guideline.Most AEFI occurred in younger children and within 1 day after vaccination.The most common vacation reaction was general response,and the incidence rate of serious rare vaccine reactions was extremely low.
作者
陈阿群
陈成连
叶秀华
何淑冰
李昕韵
CHEN A-qun;CHEN Cheng-lian;YE Xiu-hua;HE Shu-bing;LI Xin-yun(Jiangmen Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529000,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2020年第5期558-561,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
2019年度江门市医疗卫生领域科技计划项目(第五批)(项目编号:2019E004)。
关键词
疑似预防接种异常反应
监测
描述流行病学
suspected adverse events following immunization
surveillance
descriptive epidemiology
