摘要
基于数据包络分析,以资本、土地和劳动力为生产要素,非农GDP为经济产出,以中国县级市及其以上城市为研究对象,定量评估中国城市全要素生产率的空间布局及其波动影响因素。结果表明,近年来中国城市技术效率总体呈东高西低、有一定空间外溢的地域性特征。不过,近年来中国城市规模效率较高城市主要为大城市周边临近小城镇,环渤海地区、长三角地区与珠三角地区尤为显著。同时,近年来中国城市技术效率变化与城市经济效率变化都有明显的地域性特征,经济落后地区优于经济发达地区,中小城市区域好于大中城市区域。不过,近年来中国城市规模效率变化的高值区域主要集聚于环渤海地区、珠三角地区与长三角地区等主要城镇化区域,而大中城市规模效率增长状况整体上也好于中小城市。另外,近年来中国城市经济效率波动受制于城镇产业模式、政府经济策略与社会发展水平及其城镇化进程,而城市规模也有非线性的影响作用,而地方政府大力依赖的房地产开发投资并不能有效推动城市经济效率趋于提高态势。
Based on the data envelopment analysis,taking capital,land,and labor as the input factors,and non-agricultural GDP as the output factor,the paper quantified the urban economic efficiency of cities at the county level and above in China,and identified its main factors by the panel binary selection model.The results show that urban technical efficiency is higher in eastern China than that in western China,and it has a certain spatial spillover globally.But the spillover effect of the urban scale efficiency is much smaller,and its high scale efficiency is mainly close to that of the small towns around large cities,especially in the Bohai Rim region,the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region.Secondly,based on the Malmquist index,China’s urban technological efficiency changes and urban economic efficiency changes have obvious local spatial characteristics,that is,economically developing regions are better than the developed regions,and small cities are better than large cities.And the cities with high urban scale efficiency changes are mainly concentrated in the major urbanization areas such as the Bohai Rim region,the Pearl River Delta region and the Yangtze River Delta region,and large cities have faster growth than small cities.Thirdly,there is obvious spatial heterogeneity in China’s urban economic efficiency fluctuations.And urbanization level,industrial pollution discharge,government scale,science,and technology investment,fiscal policy and social development are the main positive factors affecting urban economic efficiency fluctuations,while real estate development investment has no obvious influence.Besides,with the continuous growth of urban economic scale and the decreasing scale of urban construction land,urban economic efficiency will gradually rise.When it reaches a certain threshold,urban economic efficiency will decline,and the large-scale urban sprawl at this stage does not bring about a substantial increase in urban economic efficiency.
作者
刘浩
马琳
李国平
LIU Hao;MA Lin;LI Guoping(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;Institute for Studies in County Development,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期880-891,共12页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41901141)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019PD015,ZR2019PD009)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M642643,2019M652364)
山东省社会科学基金项目(19DGLJ06)
2019年青岛社会科学规划研究项目.
关键词
经济发展
全要素生产率
数据包络分析
城镇化
城市规模
economic development
total factor productivity
data envelopment analysis
urbanization
city size
