摘要
目的了解新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州(简称"克州地区")柯尔克孜族居民健康素养及生活行为、饮食习惯,为制定健康素养干预措施,开展健康教育工作提供理论依据。方法 2018年4-11月,采用分层整群抽样方法对克州地区阿图什市、阿合奇县及乌恰县的11 962名柯尔克孜族居民进行问卷调查,按照<18岁(未成年组)、18~45岁(青年组)、46~59岁(中年组)、≥60岁(老年组)进行年龄分层,调查内容为一般情况、健康素养水平、生活方式与行为及饮食习惯。结果克州地区11 962名柯尔克孜族居民整体健康素养水平为4.76%,<18、18~45、46~59、≥60岁年龄组人群健康素养水平分别为1.70%、5.12%、4.50%和3.70%;不同年龄层次人群在食盐、食肉类型、喝奶习惯、进餐规律方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);随年龄增长,调查对象存在不良健康行为比例增加,中青年组饮酒比例较高,未成年组吸烟率及饮酒率较高。结论新疆克州地区柯尔克孜族居民健康素养水平偏低,随年龄的增加各类素养水平逐渐降低,未成年和老年人群健康素养水平较低。后期应加大健康教育工作力度,倡导科学膳食和健康文明的生活方式,将未成年人群和老年人群列为重点监测对象。目前需重点关注未成年人吸烟、饮酒情况,减少未成年人群吸烟、饮酒等不良行为。
Objective To investigate the health literacy,living behaviors and eating habits of the Kirgiz residents in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture(hereafter referred to as Kezhou area) of Xinjiang,provide a theoretical basis for the development of health literacy interventions and implementation of health education. Methods 11 962 Kirgiz residents were collected from Atushi City,Aheqi County and Wuqia County of Kezhou area by a stratified cluster sampling method from April to November 2018,to conduct a questionnaire survey. The residents were grouped according to <18 years old(underage group),18-45 years old(youth group),46-59 years old(middle-age group),and ≥60 years old(old age group). The survey contents included general conditions,health literacy level,lifestyle and behavior,and diet habit. Results The overall health literacy level of 11 962 Kirgiz residents in Kezhou area was 4.76%. The health literacy level of <18,18-45,46-59 and ≥60 years old age groups were 1.70%,5.12%,4.50% and 3.70%,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in salt,carnivorous type,habit of drinking milk and eating patterns among different age groups(all P<0.05). The proportion of unhealthy behaviors increased with age. The young and middle-aged groups had a higher proportion of drinking,and the smoking rate and drinking rate of the underage group were higher. Conclusion The health literacy level of the Kirgiz residents in Kezhou area is low. With the increase of age,the literacy level is gradually reduced.The health literacy level of minors is at a low level. In the later stage,health education should be strengthened to promote scientific diet and healthy and civilized lifestyle. The minors and the elderly should be listed as key monitoring targets. At present,it is necessary to pay attention to the smoking and drinking of minors,and to prevent the smoking and drinking behavior of minors.
作者
要慕凡
张南
唐玲
姚华
唐月红
YAO Mu-fan;ZHANG Nan;TANG Ling;YAO Hua;TANG Yue-hong(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830011,China;First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830011,China;Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830011,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第4期511-515,520,共6页
Occupation and Health
基金
国家社会科学基金(17BGL187)。
关键词
健康素养
健康生活方式与行为
饮食习惯
少数民族
Health literacy
Healthy lifestyles and behaviors
Eating habits
Ethnic minorities
