摘要
探明不同种植体系周年产量、气候资源分配及其利用效率特征,建立周年气候资源优化配置的定量指标,为进一步提升黄淮海区域周年产量潜力和资源利用效率提供理论依据。本研究利用2011-2015年河南新乡定位试验数据,定量分析了冬小麦–夏玉米、冬小麦–夏大豆、双季玉米和一季春玉米4个种植体系产量、生物量、干物质产能、光温资源分配及其利用效率。结果表明,冬小麦–夏玉米和双季玉米体系4年产量、生物量和干物质产能差异均不显著,但显著高于冬小麦–夏大豆和一季春玉米体系,平均增幅分别为45.4%~61.5%、37.3%~71.3%和35.7%~70.7%;双季玉米和一季春玉米体系周年辐射生产效率、籽粒及总生物量光能利用效率均显著高于冬小麦–夏玉米和冬小麦–夏大豆体系,其中周年辐射生产效率平均增幅为11.8%~66.7%,籽粒及总生物量光能利用效率分别提高0.13~0.42和0.18~0.69百分点。进一步分析周年气候资源分配特征,冬小麦–夏玉米体系两季积温分配率分别为45.6%和54.4%,积温比值为0.8,双季玉米两季积温分配率为51.4%和48.6%,积温比值为1.1。综合分析产量和资源利用效率,冬小麦–夏玉米和双季玉米种植体系可作为黄淮海区种植模式优化布局和农业生产可持续发展的重要支撑,而明确主要种植体系积温分配率和积温比值等定量指标可为进一步优化周年气候资源配置,挖掘黄淮海两熟区周年产量潜力和资源利用效率提供重要参考。
Clarifying the characteristics of annual yield,distribution and utilization of climatic resources,and establishing rational quantitative indexes of annual climatic resources distribution for different cropping systems are helpful to provide theoretical basis for further improving annual yield and resource use efficiency in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers plain.In this study,the experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2015 at Xinxiang,Henan province to analyze the grain yield,biomass,dry matter production energy,and distribution and utilization efficiency of climatic resources under four cropping systems,namely winter wheat–summer maize,winter wheat–summer soybean,double maize and one–season spring maize.There were no differences in the annual grain yield,total biomass,and dry matter production energy between the winter wheat–summer maize and double maize cropping systems,but they were significantly higher than those of the winter wheat–summer soybean and one-season spring maize cropping systems,with an average increase of 45.4%–61.5%,37.3%–71.3%,and 35.77%–70.7%,respectively.The annual radiation production efficiency,radiation use efficiency of grain and total biomass for double maize and one-season spring maize cropping systems were significantly higher than those of the winter wheat–summer maize and winter wheat–summer soybean cropping systems,with an average increase of 11.8%–66.7%in the annual radiation production efficiency,and 0.13–0.42 and 0.18–0.69 percentage points increase in the radiation use efficiency of grain and total biomass,respectively.The accumulative temperature distribution rate for two seasons of winter wheat–summer maize was 45.6%and 54.4%,respectively,while those of double maize was 51.4%and 48.6%,respectively.The accumulative temperature ratio between two seasons was of winter wheat–summer maize 0.8,while that of double maize was 1.1.Considering both yield and resource use efficiency,winter wheat–summer maize and double maize cropping systems can be used to optimize the layout of planting patterns and support the sustainable development of agricultural production in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers plain.Furthermore,clarifying the accumulated temperature distribution rate and the accumulated temperature ratio between two seasons is helpful to optimize climate resource distribution,and further improve the yield potential and the resources use efficiency of double cropping system in the YellowHuaihe-Haihe Rivers plain.
作者
周宝元
葛均筑
侯海鹏
孙雪芳
丁在松
李从锋
马玮
赵明
ZHOU Bao-Yuan;GE Jun-Zhu;HOU Hai-Peng;SUN Xue-Fang;DING Zai-Song;LI Cong-Feng;MA Wei;ZHAO Ming(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China;College of Agronomy&Resource and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Planting Technology Extension,Department of Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center,Tianjin 300061,China;College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期937-949,共13页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300504)资助。
关键词
黄淮海平原南部
种植体系
产量
资源分配
资源利用效率
the south of Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers plain
cropping system
yield
resource distribution
resource use efficiency
