摘要
目的了解徐州社区失能老人对护理的需求,为照顾者及医护人员提供相关理论依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,在徐州市5个区域的社区中选取失能老人136例,采用自制失能老人一般资料调查表,日常生活活动能力量表和社会支持量表进行问卷调查,并比较不同自理障碍的失能老人在护理需求的差异。结果136份调查表中收回有效问卷120份,有效率为88.24%。在120例失能老人,以中高龄为主[78.33%(94/120)],文化程度普遍偏低,且生活满意度不高,多处于中低水平支持。在医疗康复方面,管路护理、家庭氧疗、疾病预防及安全维护方面需求较高,其中完全需要帮助的分别为70.83%、69.17%、43.33%、40.00%;在紧急救援方面,慢性病急性发作时的现场处理和病情监测需求较高,需要辅助和完全需要辅助的分别为74.17%(89/120)和58.33%(70/120);轻度与中重度功能障碍的失能老人在康复训练、服药、锻炼身体、疾病预防方面的护理需求比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论失能老人存在多方照护需求,且不同功能障碍的失能老人护理需求呈现个性化特点,社区及相关养老机构应以需求为导向,有针对性地开展社区居家照护服务。
Objective To understand the nursing needs of disabled elderly people in Xuzhou communities to provide a relevant theoretical basis for caregivers and medical staffs.Methods A total of 136 disabled elderly people were selected from the communities in 5 regions of Xuzhou City by adopting the random sampling method.The self-made general information questionnaire,activity of daily life scale and social support scale of disabled elderly people were used for conducting the questionnaire survey,and the differences in nursing needs were compared among disabled elderly people with different self-care disorders.Results Among 136 questionnaires,the recovered 120 questionnaires were valid with an effective rate of 88.24%.Among the 120 disabled elderly people,the majority were the advanced age[78.33%(94/120)],with generally low educational level and low life satisfaction,and most of them were in the middle and low level of support.In terms of medical rehabilitation,the pipeline nursing,home oxygen therapy,disease prevention and safety maintenance were in high demand,among which 70.83%,69.17%,43.33%and 40.00%were in full need of help.In terms of emergency rescue,the demand for on-site treatment and condition monitoring during the acute onset of chronic diseases was high,those needing assistance and those completely needing assistance were 74.17%(89/120)and 58.33%(70/120)respectively.The nursing needs of the disabled elderly people with mild and moderate severe dysfunction in rehabilitation training,medication,physical exercise and disease prevention were compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion There are multiple nursing needs for disabled elderly people,moreover the nursing needs of disabled elderly people with different functional disorders show the personalized characteristics.Community and relevant nursing institutions for the aged should be demand-oriented and carry out the targeted community home-based care services.
作者
沈珵
王娜娜
刘佩玉
王霞
SHEN Cheng;WANG Nana;LIU Peiyu;WANG Xia(College of Nursing,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000,China)
出处
《重庆医学》
CAS
2020年第9期1520-1524,共5页
Chongqing medicine
基金
2016年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201610313011)
2016年江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划重点项目(201610313011Z)。
关键词
失能老人
照护需求
居家养老
健康管理
disabled elderly
care needs
the pension that occupy the home
health management
