摘要
司马迁的民族思想是在汉朝大一统国家建立的历史背景下形成的。“大一统”国家观念是司马迁民族思想的基础,也是汉武帝“中国一统”民族思想在《史记》中的表达。司马迁第一次系统建构了“五帝世系”,“五帝”是一脉相承具有血亲关系的中华人文初祖,也是汉朝疆域内各民族的共同祖先,即“华夷共祖”于黄帝。在上述前提下,“华夷”子孙经过不断的交往、交流、交融,成为一个有内在历史文化联系的民族共同体。以此为逻辑起点,司马迁在《史记》里除了《五帝本纪》之外,还为6个边疆民族列传记述,对汉代的民族共同体进行了系统的记述,由此形成了中华民族共同体发展的谱系。这是司马迁留给中华民族伟大的精神财富之一,对于中华民族共同体建设和铸牢中华民族共同体意识意义非凡。
Sima Qian’s notion of the Chinese nation was formed in a historical context where great unification of the country was achieved in the Han Dynasty.Unification thus became the basis of his ethnic thought,which finds expression in his Book of History as an echo to Hanwu Emperor’s idea of China as a unified country under his rule.In the book,Sima Qian constructed for the first time the genealogical links of the“Great Five”(Wudi or Five Emperors),depicting them as common or consanguineous ancestors of the Chinese people,including the ethnic minorities living within the boundaries of the Han empire.He believes that all these people,the Han Chinese or otherwise,have their common ancestor in huangdi or the Yellow Emperor.On this account,he believes that the Han Chinese and the minorities developed themselves into a Chinese community sharing the same cultural roots by interacting and mixing with each other.With this as a logical point of departure,he not only writes the chronicles of the Five Emperors,but also those of the six minority ethnic groups living in border areas,thus providing a systematic account of the Chinese community in the Han Dynasty as well as the genealogical links between various groups of people.His narrative is a great legacy to the Chinese as a nation and is particularly significant for the construction of the Chinese community today and for the strengthening of the sense of all Chinese as a community.
作者
王文光
江也川
WANG Wenguang;JIANG Yechuan
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第3期1-7,共7页
Thinking
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国民族思想史研究”阶段性成果(18ZDA158)。
关键词
司马迁
民族思想
“华夷共祖”
中华民族共同体谱系
Sima qian
ethnic thought
Huayi with the common ancestor
the pedigree of the Chinese nation community
