摘要
全球气候变化及快速城市化增加了极端天气事件的发生频率,高温热浪作为其中的典型效应,增加了与热相关的健康风险,越来越受到气象学、医学与地理学学者的关注。论文系统梳理了高温热浪的定义,从地理学视角,以空间评估作为切入点,总结分析了高温热浪脆弱性评估中的空间指标、空间制图方法与空间对策等方面的研究进展,指明该领域已从单一视角逐步深入到气象学、医学、地理学等复合学科的交叉研究,地理学作为桥梁将气象学与医学有机结合,为脆弱性评估提供空间指标参数、为制图提供思路与方法,并提供空间对策连接规划和风险预警等实践工作。未来的研究展望包括:空间指标综合各学科研究需要、集成各学科优势进行构建,空间制图在社区小尺度到区域大尺度的耦合机理分析基础上探讨跨区域研究表达方式,空间对策针对不同风险人群采取差异化研究,为城市适应气候变化提供科学依据。
With global climate change and rapid urbanization, extreme weather events have become much more frequent. As one of the most typical extreme weather events caused by climate change, heat wave has been enhancing the heat-related health risks, and continuously attracting widespread attention from meteorologists,medical professionals and geographers. As a bridging actor integrating meteorological and medical fields, geography provides spatial indicators for heat wave vulnerability assessment, ideas and methods for mapping, spatial solutions for practical work such as planning and early warning. This article systematically reviews the progress of spatial assessment of heat wave vulnerability based on the perspective of geography. The contents include the definition of heat wave, spatial indicators and mapping methods. The literature reviews indicate that heat wave vulnerability assessment has gradually deepened from single perspective to the interdisciplinary study of meteorology, medicine, geography and other disciplines. In the future, more detailed exploration will be carried out, such as the construction of spatial indicators to integrate the advantages and research demands of various disciplines;the exploration about small-scale community to regional large-scale links and cross-regional research expression by mapping. Spatial approaches require differentiated research among different groups, which provide a scientific basis for climate change adaptation of cities.
作者
薛倩
谢苗苗
郭强
王亚男
武蓉蓉
刘琦
XUE Qian;XIE Miaomiao;GUO Qiang;WANG Yanan;WU Rongrong;LIU Qi(School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Land and Resources,Beijing 100035,China)
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期685-694,共10页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41771204)。
关键词
城市高温热浪
健康风险
地理学视角
脆弱性评估
空间途径
urban heat wave
health hazard
geographical perspective
vulnerability assessment
spatial approaches
