摘要
结合国内外纺织抗菌整理剂的研究与应用现状,论述了常用无机类、有机类及天然类抗菌剂的抗菌机理。以多种商业抗菌纤维为例,探讨不同抗菌整理剂的使用与整理方法,分析不同类型抗菌剂的优势与不足。结果表明:常用抗菌整理剂里,以银为代表的金属型抗菌剂抗菌谱系广,安全性较高,不易产生耐药性,但存在防霉能力弱,易变色等缺点;以TiO 2为代表的光催化抗菌剂除抑菌杀菌外,还有除臭防污功效,但其抗菌效力存在光依赖性。有机抗菌剂种类多、应用广、杀菌能力强,然而其毒性较大,耐热性能差,容易使病菌产生抗药性;天然抗菌剂安全性较高、绿色环保,但存在抗菌活性较低,持久性不足,提取工艺较为复杂。展望抗菌整理剂的未来发展需求,指出理想的抗菌整理剂应朝着广谱持久、无毒无害、使用不产生抗药性、整理工艺绿色环保等方向发展。
The development of antibacterial agents for textiles in the world was summarized,the antibacterial mechanism,advantages and disadvantage of inorganic,organic and natural antibacterial agents were emphatically described.Taking a variety of commercial antibacterial fibers as examples,the use and finishing methods of different antibacterial finishing agents were discussed.Among the usual antibacterial agents,the metal antibacterial agents represented by silver with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity,high safety,and is not easy to develop drug-resistance,but it has weak antifungal and easy discoloration.Photocatalytic antibacterial agents represented by TiO 2 have the functions of deodorization and antifouling in addition to antibacterial,but the antibacterial activity is light-dependence.Organic antibacterial agents possessed various kinds,extensive application,and the potent antibacterial performance,but its toxicity is larger,heat resistance is poor and easy to make bacteria resistance.Natural antibacterial agents have high safety and environmental protection,but there are some limitations such as low antibacterial activity,insufficient durability and complex extraction process.At last,the requirements and development of antibacterial agents and finishing process are prospected,it is pointed out that broad-spectrum,long durability,non-toxic antibacterial agents without drug resistance,and green antibacterial finishing process being the trend for the ideal antibacterial agents.
作者
宋登鹏
周佳艳
朱坤坤
徐卫林
刘欣
SONG Dengpeng;ZHOU Jiayan;ZHU Kunkun;XU Weilin;LIU Xin(State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China)
出处
《西安工程大学学报》
CAS
2020年第2期26-36,共11页
Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University
基金
湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201707)。
关键词
纺织品
纤维
抗菌剂
抗菌整理
抗病毒
textiles
fiber
antibacterial agent
antibacterial finishing
antivirus
