摘要
“互联网+”时代的到来和“共享经济”的发展共同催生出网约工这一新型就业群体。与此同时,许多新生代农民工逐渐离开工厂体制,转向互联网平台工作,网约工成为新生代农民工就业的新选择。从劳动过程角度来看,这是因为互联网平台用工中的类自雇体制、可双选模式、轻体力劳动、扁平化管理和透明的规则等特点适应了新生代农民工的现实需要。然而,新生代农民工成为网约工之后,除了原有的普遍性风险,还面临着新的风险,即群体分化风险、冲突转移风险以及过度劳动风险等。为此,工会应当加强基层组织建设、创新维权服务方式、完善集体协商制度,以增强网约工抗风险能力,帮助其抵御与化解就业风险。
The advent of the era of"Internet+"and the development of"shared economy"have produced a new type of employment group:gig workers.At the same time,many new generation of migrant workers are gradually leaving the factory system and turning to the internet platform to work.Gig workers have become a new choice for the new generation of migrant workers'employment.From the perspective of labor process,this is because the characteristics of self-employment system,the double-choice model,the light manual labor,the flat management and the transparent rules in the employment of internet platform meet the practical needs of the new generation of migrant workers.However,after the new generation of migrant workers become gig workers,in addition to the original universal risks,they also face new risks,namely,the risk of group differentiation,conflict transfer and overwork.Therefore,the trade union should strengthen the construction of grassroots organizations,innovate ways of rights protection and services,and improve the collective negotiation system,so as to enhance the anti-risk ability of gig workers and help them resist and resolve the employment risks.
作者
沈锦浩
SHEN Jinhao(Institute of Applied Sociology,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237)
出处
《长白学刊》
北大核心
2020年第3期120-127,共8页
Changbai Journal
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“中国特色社会体制改革与社会治理创新研究”(16ZDA078)
国家社科基金一般项目“新生代农民工的身份认同研究”(14BSH038)。
关键词
网约工
新生代农民工
就业风险
劳动过程
Gig Workers
The New Generation of Migrant Workers
Employment Risk
Labor Process
