摘要
油茶树除常规油茶果产出外,综合利用油茶木材,可有效减少资源浪费,同时弥补木材资源的不足。以小果油茶和普通油茶木材为对象,对其物理性质和构造特征等进行研究。结果表明,木材气干密度普通油茶为0.81 g·cm^-3,小果油茶为0.85 g·cm^-3;木纤维长度、宽度、双壁厚指标普通油茶为1801、25、10.8μm,小果油茶为1530、25、10.2μm;导管长度、宽度、双壁厚指标普通油茶为715、61、16μm,小果油茶为759、63.8、15.8μm;木材的导管、木纤维、木射线构造的组织比量普通油茶为15%、69%、14%,小果油茶为11%、72%、15%;普通油茶木材微纤丝角为13.4°,小果油茶为12.6°;木材结晶度普通油茶为63%,小果油茶为64%。综合结果表明,小果油茶和普通油茶木材构造和物理性质具有一定的相似性,两者具有亲缘关系,但在解剖结构上又具有一定的差异性,可区分2种木材;2种木材的气干密度均达到《木材主要物理力学性质分级表》规定Ⅳ级,具有较好的理论密度,木材有较高纤维结晶度和较小的微纤丝角,其主干部分可用于实木加工利用;木材纤维形态特征和组织比量均达到木材纤维制品标准要求,其枝丫材和加工剩余物可用于造纸或纤维板生产,以充分利用资源。
In addition to oil extraction,comprehensive utilization of Camellia oleifera wood can effectively reduce the waste of resources and make up for the shortage of wood resources.The physical properties and structural characteristics of C.oleifera and C.meiocarpa woods were studied.The results showed that the wood air-dry densities of C.oleifera and C.meiocarpa were 0.81 and 0.85 g·cm^-3,respectively.The length,width and double wall thickness of wood fiber were 1801,25 and 10.8μm for C.oleifera,and 1530,25 and 10.2μm for C.meiocarpa.The length,width and double wall thickness of vessel were 715,61 and 16μm for C.oleifera,and 759,63.8 and 15.8μm for C.meiocarpa.The tissue measurements of vessels,fibers and rays were 15%,69%,14%for C.oleifera,and 11%,72%and 15%for C.meiocarpa.The microfibril angle of C.oleifera wood was 13.4°,and that of C.meiocarpa wood was 12.6°.The crystallinity of C.oleifera wood was 63%,and that of C.meiocarpa wood was 64%.The results demonstrated thatthe woods of two Camellia species had some similarities in structure and physical properties.There was a relationship between the two species,and anatomical differences could be used to distinguish the woods of two species.The air-drying densities of the two woods were all up to grade IV stipulated in the national standard of“Classification Table of Main Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood”with good density,high fiber crystallinity and small microfibril angle,and the stem can be considered for solid wood processing and utilization.The morphological characteristics and tissue measurements of wood fibers met the standard requirements of wood fibre products.Their branches and processing residues can be used in papermaking or fiberboard production to make full use of resources.
作者
王军锋
马锦林
黄腾华
宋恋环
陈国臣
WANG Jun-feng;MA Jin-lin;HUANG Teng-hua;SONG Lian-huan;CHEN Guo-chen(Forestry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Guangxi Quality Lontrol of Wood Resourses Cultivation Recearch Center of Engineering Technology,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期212-217,257,共7页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
广西创新驱动重大专项课题(桂科AA17204058-21)。
关键词
普通油茶
小果油茶
木材构造
物理性质
Camellia oleifera
Camellia meiocarpa
wood structure
wood physical property
