摘要
目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区(简称新疆)孕妇和儿童碘营养水平.方法 2018年3-9月,采用整群随机抽样方法,在全区以县(市、区)为单位,每个县(市、区)按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区,每个片区抽取40名8~ 10岁儿童和20名孕妇,采集其家中食用盐盐样和随意1次尿样测定碘含量,并采用B超法检测儿童甲状腺容积.结果 94个县(市、区),共采集儿童家中盐样18 859份,孕妇家中盐样9 070份.儿童盐碘中位数(四分位数间距)为26.65 (23.70,29.80)mg/kg,孕妇盐碘中位数(四分位数间距)为26.60(23.80,29.80)mg/kg.儿童合格碘盐17 736份,非碘盐109份;碘盐覆盖率为99.42%(18 750/18 859),碘盐合格率为94.59%(17 736/18 750),合格碘盐食用率为94.05%(17 736/18 859),非碘盐率为0.58%(109/18 859).孕妇合格碘盐8 533份,非碘盐57份;碘盐覆盖率为99.37%(9 013/9 070),碘盐合格率为94.67%(8 533/9 013),合格碘盐食用率为94.08%(8 533/9070),非碘盐率为0.63%(57/9070).儿童合格碘盐食用率<90%的县(市、区)有12个,孕妇合格碘盐食用率<90%的县(市、区)有14个.共检测8~ 10岁儿童尿样18 862份,尿碘中位数为227.0 μg/L,无尿碘中位数<100 μg/L的县(市、区).共检测孕妇尿样9 070份,尿碘中位数为182.0 μg/L,其中尿碘中位数<150 μg/L的县(市、区)有23个.B超检测8~ 10岁儿童18 787人,甲状腺肿大231人,甲状腺肿大率为1.23%,范围为0~12.05%,甲状腺肿大率>5%的县(市、区)有2个.结论 新疆仍有部分地区合格碘盐食用率<90%,儿童碘营养大于适宜量(尿碘中位数在200~299 μg/L),孕妇碘营养适宜(尿碘中位数在150~249 μg/L),儿童甲状腺肿大率总体达到国家消除控制标准(<5%).应加强碘盐监管,并持续监测儿童和孕妇的碘营养水平.
Objective To estimate the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women and children in Xinjiang.Methods Using cluster random sampling method,from March to September in 2018,in the whole district,county(city,district)was treated as a unit to conduct sampling;each county(city,district)was divided into five areas(east,west,south,north,middle),40 children aged 8-10 and 20 pregnant women in each area were randomly selected,salt samples and urine samples were collected to measure iodine content,and B-ultrasound method was used to detect thyroid volume in children.Results Among 94 counties(cities,districts),18859 salt samples were collected from children and 9070 salt samples from pregnant women.The median salt iodine(interquartile range)for children was 26.65(23.70,29.80)mg/kg,and the median salt iodine(interquartile range)for pregnant women was 26.60(23.80,29.80)mg/kg.Totally 17736 qualified iodized salt samples and 109 non-iodized salt samples consumed by children were tested,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.42%(18750/18859),qualified rate of iodized salt was 94.59%(17736/18750),the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.05%(17736/18859),and the non-iodized salt rate was 0.58%(109/18859).Totally 8533 qualified iodized salt samples and 57 non-iodized salt samples consumed by pregnant women were tested,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.37%(9013/9070),the qualified rate of iodized salt was 94.67%(8533/9013),the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.08%(8533/9070),and the non-iodized salt rate was 0.63%(57/9070).Twelve counties(cities,districts)had a consumption rate of qualified iodized salt lower than 90%for children,and 14 counties(cities,districts)had a consumption rate of qualified iodized salt lower than 90%for pregnant women.Totally 188628-10 years old children's urine samples were detected,median urinary iodine was 227.0μg/L,no county(city,district)was found with median urinary iodine<100μg/L.A total of 9070 pregnant women's urine samples were detected,median urinary iodine was 182.0μg/L,and 23 counties(cities,districts)had a median urinary iodine less than 150μg/L.B ultrasound was used to detect thyroid volume in 18787 children aged 8-10 years,231 children had goiter,and the goiter rate was 1.23%,ranged from 0 to 12.05%,and 2 counties(cities,districts)had goiter rate>5%.Conclusions There are still some areas in Xinjiang with the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt<90%.Children's iodine nutrition is greater than the appropriate amount(200-299μg/L),pregnant women's iodine nutrition is appropriate(150-249μg/L),and children's goiter rate generally meets national elimination and control standards(<5%).Monitoring of iodized salt should be strengthened,and iodine nutrition levels in children and pregnant women should be continuously monitored.
作者
王琛琛
段依敏
黄佳
马品江
林勤
Wang Chenchen;Duan Yimin;Huang Jia;Ma Pinjiang;Lin Qin(Institute of Endemic Disease,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830001,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期112-116,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01C087、2018D01C086、2016D01A064)。
关键词
儿童
孕妇
碘
尿
甲状腺
Child
Pregnant women
Iodine
Urine
Thyroid
