摘要
目的掌握青海省海北州饮茶型氟中毒流行现状,为今后采取针对性干预措施提供依据。方法2018年,依据海北州饮茶型氟中毒的历史流行情况,在海晏、门源、祁连、刚察4个县按照牧业区、农业区、半农半牧区分层,每层抽取1个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取1个病区自然村作为调查点。采集当地居民生活饮用水,检测水氟含量;在海晏县和门源县各抽取10户家庭,共采集不同品牌砖茶样品100份,检测茶氟含量。同时,对调查点所有8~12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查,对海晏县和门源县所有26~55岁成人进行氟骨症X线检查,并采集成人随意1次尿样,检测尿氟含量。水氟、茶氟、尿氟含量检测采用离子选择电极法,氟斑牙诊断采用《氟斑牙诊断》(WS/T 208-2011),氟骨症诊断采用《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》(WS 192-2008)。结果共采集生活饮用水10份,水氟含量均值为0.33 mg/L,范围为0.20~0.84 mg/L。砖茶样品100份,茶氟含量均值为750 mg/kg,范围为230~1660 mg/kg,日人均砖茶氟摄入量为1.87 mg。儿童氟斑牙检出率为22.56%(217/962),氟斑牙指数为0.42。成人氟骨症检出率为6.88%(24/349);尿氟含量几何均值为1.53 mg/L,范围为0.20~20.60 mg/L。结论海北州居民仍受饮茶型氟中毒危害,需引起重视。
Objective To study the epidemic status of drinking brick-tea type fluorosis in Haibei Prefecture,Qinghai Province,and to provide evidence for future targeted intervention measures.Methods In 2018,according to the historical prevalence of drinking brick-tea type fluorosis in Haibei Prefecture,in Haiyan,Menyuan,Qilian,Gangcha counties,based on the classification of pastoral area,agricultural area,semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas,one township(town)was selected,and one natural village was selected in each township(town)as a survey site.Drinking water samples of local residents were collected,water fluorine content was detected;and 10 households in Haiyan and Menyuan counties were selected,respectively,100 brick-tea samples of different brands were collected,brick-tea fluorine content was detected.At the same time,dental fluorosis was examined in all children aged 8 to 12 years old in survey sites;and X-ray of skeletal fluorosis was examined in all adults aged 26-55 years old in Haiyan and Menyuan counties,urine samples were collected from adults at random for 1 time and urine fluorine content was detected.Water fluorine,brick-tea fluorine,and urine fluorine contents were detected by ion selective electrode method;the diagnosis of dental fluorosis was based on"Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis"(WS/T 208-2011),and the diagnosis of skeletal fluorosis was based on"Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis"(WS 192-2008).Results The mean of fluorine of the 10 water samples was 0.33 mg/L(0.20-0.84 mg/L).The mean of fluorine of the 100 brick-tea samples was 750 mg/kg(230-1660 mg/kg),and the mean of daily fluorine intake from brick-tea of each person was 1.87 mg.The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children was 22.56%(217/962),and the dental fluorosis index was 0.42.The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults was 6.88%(24/349);and the geometric mean of urine fluorine was 1.53 mg/L(0.20-20.60 mg/L).Conclusion In Haibei Prefecture,residents are still affected by drinking brick-tea type fluorosis,which needs to be paid attention to.
作者
陈萍
张强
姜泓
孟献亚
何多龙
蒲光兰
Chen Ping;Zhang Qiang;Jiang Hong;Meng Xianya;He Duolong;Pu Guanglan(Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 811602,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期47-49,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
氟
饮用水
茶叶
尿
氟中毒
牙
氟骨症
Fluorine
Drinking water
Tea
Urine
Fluorosis,dental
Skeletal fluorosis
