摘要
为加强华南地区野生蓖麻种质资源的研究利用,本研究系统地收集了华南野生蓖麻种质资源,并挑选出302份,对其6个质量性状、7个数量性状共13个表型性状进行遗传多样性、聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明,华南野生蓖麻材料的主要表型特点为叶片中等大小、卵形蒴果、塔形果穗、花序类型较长、密度中等。性状遗传变异较为丰富,其中遗传多样性指数最高的是茎粗,为10.020;其次是主茎节数,为10.896。有效果穗数的变异系数(CV)最大,为75.422%,其次是主茎穗位高(46.656%)。基于各种质之间形态标记的遗传差异,在遗传距离为20时,把302份华南野生蓖麻材料聚类并划分为3大类群。第Ι类群植株高度中等,主茎节数少,穗较长,有效果穗数多,是丰产性状较好的一类野生亲本材料。第Ⅱ类群植株高大,茎秆粗壮,穗长但有效果穗数少,可从中选择大穗亲本材料利用。第Ⅲ类群株型矮小、茎秆较细、有效果穗数中等,是矮化育种的重要亲本资源。7个数量性状的主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率达84.425%,各荷载较高的性状有主茎穗位高、茎粗、株高、主茎穗长、主茎节数、一级分枝穗长和单株有效穗数7个性状,其中单株有效穗数与前6个性状作用相反,显示出株高、大穗与多穗之间的矛盾。以上结果揭示了华南野生蓖麻资源的主要特点,可为其综合利用和杂交育种提供一定的科学依据。
For better use of castor resources,302 wild castor accessions were collected systematically from southern China.Their genetic diversity on 6 qualitative traits and 7 quantitative traits were analyzed by cluster and principal component analysis.Phenotypically,these wild castor materials possessed medium-sized blades,ovalshaped capsules,tower-shaped spikes,long racemes and medium inflorescence density.With rich genetic variation,the target traits in these materials behaved high genetic diversity index.Among them,stem diameter with the high⁃est 10.020,were followed by the number of main stems(10.896).The highest coefficient of variation belonged to the number of effective spikes(75.422%),which followed by the height of main stem(46.656%).At the genetic distance of 20,302 accessions were clustered into 3 groups.In group I,the accessions had medium height,small number of main stem node,large number of effective spikes and longer spike length.In groupⅡ,the accessions had larger plant,stronger stem,long spike but small number of effective spike.In groupⅢ,the accessions had shorter plant,thin stems,medium effective spike number.Principal component analysis of 7 quantitative traits showed that cumu⁃lative contribution rate of the first 3 principal components reached 84.425%.The traits with higher load included main stem spike height,stem diameter,plant height,main stem spike length,main stem node number,primary branch spike length and effective spike number per plant.The eigenvalue of the effective spike number per plant had the opposite effect to the first 6 traits,showing the contradiction between plant height,spike size and effective spike number.
作者
杨婷
陆建农
张丹
施玉珍
李东娜
顾帅磊
殷学贵
YANG Ting;LU Jian-nong;ZHANG Dan;SHI Yu-zhen;LI Dong-na;GU Shuai-lei;YIN Xue-gui(Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)
出处
《中国油料作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期420-431,共12页
Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208116、2016A02020-8015)。
关键词
华南野生蓖麻
种质资源
遗传多样性
聚类分析
主成分分析
southern China wild castor
germplasm resources
genetic diversity
cluster analysis
principal component analysis
