摘要
为了探明新型稻作模式——稻鱼模式下氮肥减施比例,设置常规施肥(CK)、氮肥减少15%(T1)、减少30%(T2)和减少50%(T3)等处理进行田间试验,分析了水稻齐穗期SPAD、籽粒产量和氮素表观平衡等指标。结果表明:与CK处理相比,T1和T2处理不会显著降低剑叶SPAD值和籽粒产量,而T3处理的剑叶SPAD值和籽粒产量则分别比CK处理降低了15.39%和7.69%;虽然各处理的水稻均表现为氮素盈余,但T3处理的氮素盈余最低;进一步结合拟合方程的斜率表明,当氮肥偏生产力每提高1 kg/kg,氮素盈余可以降低2.54 kg/hm^2。因此,在稻鱼模式下,氮肥减施15%~30%可维持水稻高产,并显著降低氮素盈余。
In order to clarify the effects of reduction rates of nitrogen fertilizer application in rice-fish culture mode on rice growth and yield,the field experiment was set CK(conventional amount of nitrogen fertilizer:225 kg/hm^2),T1(nitrogen fertilizer:191.25 kg/hm^2,decreased by 15%),T2(nitrogen fertilizer:157.50 kg/hm^2,decreased by 30%)and T3(nitrogen fertilizer:112.50 kg/hm^2,decreased by 50%).Then,the SPAD values(Soil and Plant Analyzer Development)at full heading stage,grain yield,and nitrogen apparent balance of different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK,T3 decreased grain yield,and the SPAD value of flag leaf at full heading stage by 7.69% and 15.39%,respectively,T1 and T2 did not reduce significantly.The nitrogen apparent balance among all treatments were surplus,but T3 produced the lowest surplus.Furthermore,the slope of the fitting equation indicated that the apparent nitrogen balance could be decreased by 2.54 kg/hm^2 when the nitrogen partial factor productivity was increased by 1 kg/kg.Therefore,in the rice-fish mode,a high yield could be maintained though the nitrogen rate is reduced by 15%-30%,and the nitrogen surplus will be significantly reduced.Meanwhile,improving nitrogen partial factor productivity could help to reduce nitrogen surplus.
作者
周晓丰
段红霞
夏桂龙
金健康
ZHOU Xiao-feng;DUAN Hong-xia;XIA Gui-long;JIN Jian-kang(Dengjiabu Foundation Seed Station of Jiangxi Province,Yujiang 335200,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2020年第5期40-42,共3页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
江西省自然科学基金(20192BAB203022)。
关键词
稻鱼模式
氮肥减施
水稻产量
氮素表观平衡
rice-fish mode
reduced nitrogen fertilizer application
rice yield
apparent nitrogen balance
