摘要
生物多样性空间格局和热点区域的分析与探测是进行生物多样性保护规划和科学管理的有效途径。以重庆澎溪河湿地自然保护区为例,基于实地综合调查、历史资料、文献信息,利用生境质量指数、物种多样性和景观多样性评价指标,构建生物多样性综合指数。结合空间自相关分析,揭示保护区生物多样性空间分布格局及其空间自相关程度,并识别生物多样性热点区,探讨现有保护区对热点区域的保护有效性。结果表明:保护区生物多样性空间格局呈现出随距河流及两岸消落带距离的增加而减少的趋势,生物多样性指数高值区主要集中在澎溪河、普里河、白夹溪及其沿岸地区。生物多样性在空间分布上具有显著的正相关性,局部空间自相关以高-高聚集和低-低聚集类型为主。生物多样性热点区域面积为457 hm^2,占保护区总面积的11.1%。现有保护区核心区涵盖了51%的热点区域和50%的次热点区域,保护区结构和功能区布局有待进一步优化调整,建议将普里河段龙王堂区域,白夹溪小垭口、邓家湾、洞子岩、龙王塘、旧屋咀、铧头咀、新铺子与龙家院子等热点区域纳入核心区,将冷点区域划到核心区之外,完善保护区功能区划。研究结果可为保护区范围及功能区优化和管控、合理推进"三区变两区"调整提供定量的基础资料,对于提高物种保护效率、制定科学的保护策略具有指导意义。
The analysis of biodiversity spatial patterns and the detection of hotspots are effective ways for conservation planning and scientific management of biodiversity. Based on field investigation, historical data and literature information, we constructed the comprehensive index of biodiversity by considering habitat quality, species diversity and landscape diversity within Chongqing Pengxi River Wetland Nature Reserve. Combined with spatial autocorrelation analysis, we analyzed spatial distribution pattern and the degree of spatial autocorrelation of biodiversity in the nature reserve, identified biodiversity hotspots, and discussed the protection effectiveness of existing nature reserve for the hotspots. The results showed that the spatial pattern of biodiversity in the nature reserve tended to decrease with the increases of distance from the river and riparian zone. Areas with high value of biodiversity index were mainly concentrated in Pengxi River, Puli River, Baijiaxi Stream and alongshore areas. There was significant positive correlation in the spatial distribution of biodiversity. The spatial autocorrelation of local areas was mainly characterized by high-high aggregation and low-low aggregation. The area of biodiversity hotspots was 457 hm^2, accounting for 11.1% of the total nature reserve. The core area of current nature reserve covered 51% of the hotspots and 50% of the secondary hotspots. The structure and functional zone distribution of nature reserve should be further optimized and adjusted. We suggested that other hotspots should become part of the core area, including the Longwangtang area of Puli River, Xiaoyakou, Dengjiawan, Dongziyan, Longwangtang, Jiuwuju, Huatouju, Xinpuzi and Longjia yard of Baijiaxi Stream. The cold spots should be removed from the core area, to improve the function zoning of nature reserve. Our results could provide quantitative basic references for the boundary optimization and control zoning of nature reserve, and the reasonable promotion of the adjustment of "three zones to two zones", and could have guiding significance for improving effectiveness of species conservation and formulating scientific protection strategies.
作者
王芳
袁兴中
熊森
黄亚洲
刘红
潘远珍
WANG Fang;YUAN Xing-zhong;XIONG Sen;HUANG Ya-zhou;LIU Hong;PAN Yuan-zhen(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing Univer-sity,Chongqing 400030,China;Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,Chongqing 401331,China;Kaizhou District Nature Reserve Manage-ment Center,Kaizhou 405400,Chongqing,China;Surface Ecological Process Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing 405400,China).)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期1682-1690,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家科技重大专项(2013ZX07104-004-05)资助。
