摘要
为了全面掌握贵州石阡鸳鸯湖国家湿地公园的鸳鸯种群分布情况和揭示其种群动态变化规律,笔者结合2011—2016年的调查数据,于2017—2019年运用固定样线法与直接计数法对鸳鸯种群数量的时空变化情况进行了监测。结果表明:鸳鸯种群动态变化极具时空规律;冬候鸟迁离和部分留鸟分散时段集中在2月下旬至3月中旬;3月下旬至10月份为鸳鸯的繁殖季;11月份到12月上旬为冬候鸟迁来和部分留鸟集群的时段;12月中旬至翌年2月中旬为鸳鸯越冬期,特别是在寒冷的低温天气,种群数量出现较稳定的高峰。冬候鸟迁离和部分留鸟分散时段集中在02月下旬至03月中旬;无论在繁殖期还是在越冬期,水库为鸳鸯分布及活动的核心区域;同时,不同水域和水库各小区域环境的鸳鸯种群密度均有显著差异(P<0.05),特别是繁殖期水库上游河流水域的种群密度明显增加,甚至高于水库区。
In order to fully grasp the population distribution of mandarin duck and reveal the population dynamic change law in Shiqian Mandarin duck Lake National Wetland Park,Guizhou Province,combined with the survey data from 2011 to 2016,we used the fixed sample line and the direct counting method to monitor the spatial and temporal changes of mandarin duck population from 2017 to 2019.The results showed that the dynamic change of mandarin duck population had a spatio-temporal regularity.Winter migratory birds moved away and some resident birds scattered in late February to mid-March.The breeding period could from late March to October.Migratory birds and some resident birds were concentrated in the reservoir from November to early December.From mid-December to mid-February of the following year,the population could maintain a relatively stable peak.Reservoir was the core area of distribution and activity of mandarin ducks in both breeding and overwintering periods.At the same time,the population density had significant differences in different waters and reservoir areas(P<0.05),especially in the breeding period,the population density of upstream rivers increased significantly,even higher than that of reservoir areas.
作者
方忠艳
胡灿实
王野影
冉景丞
邓伯龙
李宏
徐光华
FANG Zhongyan;HU Canshi;WANG Yeying;RAN Jingcheng;DENG Bolong;LI Hong;XU Guanghua(Forestry Bureau of Xingyi,Xingyi 562400,China;College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Provincial Wildlife and Forest Plant Management Station of Guizhou,Guiyang 550001,China;Wetland Management Center of Guizhou,Guiyang 550001,China;Shiqian Mandarin Duck Lake National Wetland Park Administration of Guizhou Province,Shiqian 555100,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第10期128-133,154,共7页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31801990)
贵州省林业厅自然科学基金项目(黔林科合[2017]11号)
贵州大学引进人才科研项目(贵大人基合字[2017]57号)
贵州师范大学与石阡县科技局计划合作项目(校县合作计划项目11904/0518168)。
关键词
鸳鸯
种群
生境特征
时空动态
贵州石阡鸳鸯湖国家湿地公园
mandarin duck(Aix galericulata)
population
habitat characteristics
spatio-temporal dynamics
Shiqian Mandarin Lake National Wetland Park of Guizhou Province
