摘要
目的探讨学校诺如病毒感染性腹泻的传播途径和致病危险因素,为制订学校传染病防控对策提供依据。方法2019年4月通过现场流行病学调查和实验室检测,采集沂水县某中学饮用水、病人呕吐物、肛拭子和环境标本等进行致病菌培养和病毒检测。结果疫情涉及该校高中部33个班128人,男生53例,女生75例,男女为0.68∶1;住校生83例,走读生45例,住∶走为1.84∶1;高一发病71例,罹患率为7.25%(71/979),高二发病21例,罹患率为3.02%(21/696),高三发病36例,罹患率为4.47%(36/806)。实验室检测结果显示:患者(学生)诺如病毒核酸阳性3份,其中GⅡ2份,GⅠ1份,餐厅工作人员诺如病毒核酸阳性GⅡ2份,自备水井大肠菌群和菌落总数严重超标。结论该疫情是1起由诺如病毒GⅡ型感染引起的暴发疫情。
Objective To explore the transmission routes and risk factors of norovirus infectious diarrhea in schools,so as to provide the evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases in schools. Methods Field epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing were conducted to collect drinking water,vomit,anal swab and environmental samples from a school in Yishui county for pathogen culture and virus detection. Results The epidemic involved 128 students from 33 classes in the high school,including 53 boys and 75 girls,with the sex ratio of 0.68∶1;83 students living in the school,45 were day students,with the ratio of 1.84∶1;71 students were in grade 1,with the attack rate of 7.25%(71/979),21 students were in grade 2,the attack rate was 3.02%(21/696),and 36 students were in grade 3,the attack rate was 4.47%(36/8.6).The results of laboratory test showed that there were 3 norovirus nucleic acids positive in patients(students),including 2 GII and 1 GII;and 2 GII positive samples were found in restaurant staff.The coliform and colony count of self provided wells exceeded the standard seriously. Conclusion The outbreak is caused by norovirus GII.
作者
赵维芹
ZHAO Wei-qin(Yishui County Center for Diseases Control and Prevention,Yishui,Shandong,276400,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2020年第3期229-230,共2页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
