摘要
目的介绍重叠加权方法的基本原理、方法特性、相对优劣势及具体实现方法并将其应用于真实世界中比较两种冠脉支架植入对患者住院时间的影响。方法以逆概率加权方法为参照,介绍重叠加权方法的原理、实现方法、目标人群,对比分析两者异同点及相对优劣势,评估其应用价值。结果相较于逆概率加权,重叠加权具有诸如简便易行、不易产生极端权重、最小渐进方差、协变量精确均衡、高检验效能、目标人群明确有意义且更易准确估计处理效应等优点,其方法优势在实例应用中充分展现。结论重叠加权具有良好方法学特性及广阔应用前景,可帮助观察性研究更好实现其处理效应发现职能并为实证研究提供可靠线索,值得在医学研究中广泛应用。
Objective This study was aimed tointroduce the fundamental theory,characteristics,advantages&disadvantages,and implementation of overlap weightingandthen implement this method in a real world case study exploring the effect of implating two different types of stent on the length of stay of inpatients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods Taking inverse probability weighting as a reference,we explain the fundamental theory,implementationand target population of overlap weighingand distinguished them from each other through comparing their advantages and disadvantages.We also evaluate the application value of overlap weighting in the case study.Results Overlap weighting have many attractive merits,such as easy-to-implement,lesssensitive toextreme weights,minimum asymptotic variance,small-sample exact balance,higher statistical power,targeted at a specific population with practical significance and achieving more accurate treatment effect estimation,compared with inverse probability weighting.Its attractive properties,advantagesand application value were also illustrated in the case study.Conclusion Overlap weighting has many attractive propertiesand very wide application prospects.The application of overlap weighting hasa great significance for the observational treatment effect discovery research where the goal is to establish initial evidence of the treatment effect and offer reliable clues for the subsequent experimental study.It merits more widespread adoption in medical research.
作者
秦宇辰
郭威
阮一鸣
吴骋
贺佳
Qin Yuchen;Guo Wei;Ruan Yiming(Department of Health Statistics,Navy Medical University(200433),Shanghai)
出处
《中国卫生统计》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期363-366,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Statistics
基金
上海市第四轮公共卫生三年行动计划重点学科建设项目(No.15GWZK0901)
军人健康数据库数据采集规范的研究(AWS14R013-1)
国家重点研究计划(2017YFC0908005)。
关键词
倾向性评分
逆概率加权
重叠加权
混杂因素
Propensity score
Inverse probability weighting
Overlap weighting
Confounding factor
