摘要
介绍了辐射聚合工艺的概念,及其与传统的聚合物合成工艺相比的优缺点,以及高吸水性树脂(SAR)的吸水机理及溶胀性能;详细论述了采用辐射聚合制备聚丙烯酸类医用吸水树脂过程中具体合成条件,例如中和度、吸收剂量、交联剂用量等对其溶胀性能的影响。在此基础上设计了一种电子束辐照喷淋合成高性能吸水树脂的方法:将混合均匀的料液加入雾化设备中,得到的雾状液滴穿过电子束的射线幕帘进行聚合得到凝胶颗粒,随后进行表面交联、过筛即得到吸水树脂。研究了吸收剂量、聚合反应原料及用量等对吸水树脂产品溶胀性能的影响。结果表明,在中和度为65%~80%、吸收剂量为1~5 kGy时,选用不同的聚合单体、次单体、交联剂、助剂,以及不同用量的表面交联剂,最终得到的吸水树脂产品对0.9%NaCl溶液的吸收倍率约为70 g/g;将2g吸水树脂产品加入50 mL的0.9%NaCl溶液中,以600 r/min的速度进行搅拌,将从加入吸水树脂开始到漩涡消失的时间记为吸收速度,吸收速度约为20 s。
The concept of radiation synthesis,its advantages and disadvantages compared with traditional polymer synthesis,the water absorption mechanism and swelling properties of super-absorbent resin(SAR)were introduced.There were many synthesis conditions that needed to be controlled,such as neutralization degree,absorption dose,and crosslinker dosage.Their influences on the swelling properties of poly(acrylic acid),super water-absorbent for medical use,were discussed in detail.In order to maximize the swelling properties,an electron beam radiation synthesis of high-performance,water-absorbent resin was designed.The uniform mixture was added into the atomization equipment,where mist droplets were polymerized through the ray curtain of the electron beam,to create gel particles.Surface crosslinking and sieving were subsequently carried out to form the water-absorbent resin.The effects of the absorption dose,the raw material,and dosage of the polymerization reaction on the swelling performance of SAR were studied.Absorbent resin product(2 g)was added into 50 mL of 0.9%NaCl solution and stirred at the speed of 600 r/min for 20 s;the time from the beginning of adding absorbent resin to the disappearance of the vortex was recorded as the absorption time.Regardless of the different polymerizing monomers,comonomers,cross-linking agents,additives and surface cross-linking agents selected,the results showed that when the neutralization degree was around 65%~80%and the absorption dose was around 1~5 kGy,the absorption ratio of 0.9%NaCl solution to the absorbent resin product was about 70 g/g.
作者
苏春
SU Chun(Wujiang Dasheng Detection Technology Co.,Ltd,Suzhou 215214,China)
出处
《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第3期21-28,共8页
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
关键词
辐射聚合
吸水树脂
聚丙烯酸
溶胀性能
Radiation synthesis
Water absorbent resin
Poly(acrylic acid)
Swelling property
