摘要
景观绩效评价是实现风景园林循证的重要手段之一。近年来,多个国外风景园林相关机构和政府部门开发了以风景园林实践为对象的评价指标、方法和体系,但仍处于探索阶段。为了改善当前风景园林行业缺乏基于循证的系统化评价方法和可推广、可操作的公共平台问题,而研究风景园林效益评估方法和开发在线服务平台。采用单因子量化模型集群与网络线上实时评价的方式,构建了基于北京城市景观空间典型特征的景观绩效评价体系与公共在线服务平台。评价体系的指标系统涵盖生态、经济、社会三方面效益的价值认知,包含30个具有代表性的效益因子,111个可量化的评价指标,并开发了具有线上实时评价和循证资源收集功能的网络平台。以北京市北极寺公园景观绩效评价实证研究为例进行验证。景观绩效评价体系的构建为风景园林效益评估提供了匹配度较高的评价方法,提升了评价的量化程度和可操作性。在未来的绩效评价实践中,应注重可持续性效益和相关指标的积累和验证,提升风景园林在构建人居环境层面的实践效率。
Landscape performance evaluation is important for achieving evidence-based landscape architecture.In recent years,many foreign landscape architecture institutions and government departments have developed evaluation indices,methods,and systems for landscape architecture;however,these are still in the exploration stage.As such,there is a lack of evidence-based systematic evaluation methods and public platforms that can be widely utilized.To address this problem,an evaluation method and online service platform were developed here.Based on the typical characteristics of urban landscape spaces in Beijing,a landscape performance evaluation system and a public online service platform were constructed.Indices included in the evaluation system cover the ecological,economic,and social benefits of the landscape,including 30 representative benefit factors and 111 quantifiable evaluation indices.Moreover,a network platform integrating online real-time evaluation and evidence-based resource collection was developed.Then,a case study of landscape performance evaluation based on the Beijing Beijishi Park was carried out.The findings indicated that the developed evaluation system provides a consistent evaluation method for determining the benefits of landscape architecture and allows quantification and improved operability of evaluation practices.In future performance evaluation practice,attention should be paid to the accumulation and verification of sustainability benefits and related indicators,and the improvement of the practical efficiency of landscape architecture in the construction of human settlements.
作者
刘喆
欧小杨
郑曦
LIU Zhe;OU Xiao-yang;ZHENG Xi
出处
《南方建筑》
2020年第3期12-18,共7页
South Architecture
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD11004021):村镇乡土景观绩效评价体系构建
北京市重点研发科技计划(D171100000217003):北京景观空间数据采集及景观绩效评价研究。
关键词
循证风景园林
景观绩效
评价体系
在线实时评价
可持续发展
evidence-based landscape
landscape performance
evaluation system
online real-time evaluation
sustainable development
